Kinetic investigation of carbon-catalyzed methane decomposition in a thermogravimetric solar reactor

Abanades, Stéphane; Kimura, Hiroyuki; Otsuka, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.07.023

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Highlighting the importance of carbon form and structure, Abanades et al conducted a kinetic investigation of carbon-catalyzed methane decomposition in a thermogravimetric solar gravimetric reactor. Expectedly, the activated carbon showed high initial catalytic activity followed by fast deactivation, whereas the carbon black powders remained active after long reaction times at 1000 or 1100 • C [65]. Though these results align well with prior studies of carbon black, the advancement illustrates the coupling of the full solar spectrum, as a renewable energy form into chemical bond energy.…”

Section: Novel Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Carbons as Catalysts in Thermo-Catalytic Hydrocarbon Decomposition: A Review

Wal

Nkiawete

2020

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Thermo-catalytic decomposition is well-suited for the generation of hydrogen from natural gas. In a decarbonization process for fossil fuel—pre-combustion—solid carbon is produced, with potential commercial uses including energy storage. Metal catalysts have the disadvantages of coking and deactivation, whereas carbon materials as catalysts offer resistance to deactivation and poisoning. Many forms of carbon have been tested with varied characterization techniques providing insights into the catalyzed carbon deposition. The breadth of studies testing carbon materials motivated this review. Thermocatalytic decomposition (TCD) rates and active duration vary widely across carbons tested. Regeneration remains rarely investigated but does appear necessary in a cyclic TCD–partial oxidation sequence. Presently, studies making fundamental connections between active sites and deposit nanostructures are few.

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Section: Novel Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Carbons as Catalysts in Thermo-Catalytic Hydrocarbon Decomposition: A Review

Wal

Nkiawete

2020

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“…Conversely, CB catalysts have a low initial reaction rate, but long and constant catalytic activity, resulting in large amounts of carbon black before deactivation. CB catalysts are suitable for the maximum prevention of catalyst deactivation during daylight hours, and to ensure the production of hydrogen and carbon black in practical experiments [14][15][16][17][18]. Therefore, in this study, among CB catalysts, BP-2000, which shows a high hydrogen production rate before deactivation, and is a commercial product, was adopted, and the characteristics are shown in Table 1 [14].…”

Section: Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Representatively, in the case of the BP2000 catalyst, a methane-hydrogen conversion of 9.1% was achieved at 850 • C. Carbon black (CB) or activated carbon (AC) catalysts are mainly used as thermal decomposition catalysts. The research on methane decomposition catalysts has been steadily progressing [14][15][16][17][18]. Suelves et al monitored the mass change over time during the thermal catalytic decomposition of methane, for CB and AC catalysts, and proved that among the catalysts, BP2000, a CB series, deposited the largest amount of carbon before deactivation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study on Optics and Heat Transfer of Solar Reactor for Methane Thermal Decomposition

Kim

2021

Energies

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This study aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere and effectively utilize wasted resources by converting methane, the main component of biogas, into hydrogen. Therefore, a reactor was developed to decompose methane into carbon and hydrogen using solar thermal sources instead of traditional energy sources, such as coal and petroleum. The optical distributions were analyzed using TracePro, a Monte Carlo ray-tracing-based program. In addition, Fluent, a computational fluid dynamics program, was used for the heat and mass transfer, and chemical reaction. The cylindrical indirect heating reactor rotates at a constant speed to prevent damage by the heat source concentrated at the solar furnace. The inside of the reactor was filled with a porous catalyst for methane decomposition, and the outside was surrounded by insulation to reduce heat loss. The performance of the reactor, according to the cavity model, was calculated when solar heat was concentrated on the reactor surface and methane was supplied into the reactor in an environment with a solar irradiance of 700 W/m2, wind speed of 1 m/s, and outdoor temperature of 25 °C. As a result, temperature, methane mass fraction distribution, and heat loss amounts for the two cavities were obtained, and it was found that the effect on the conversion rate was largely dependent on a temperature over 1000 °C in the reactor. Moreover, the heat loss of the full-cavity model decreased by 12.5% and the methane conversion rate increased by 33.5%, compared to the semi-cavity model. In conclusion, the high-temperature environment of the reactor has a significant effect on the increase in conversion rate, with an additional effect of reducing heat loss.

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“…Thermo-catalytic decomposition with metallic or carbon-based catalysts [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] This CO 2 -free process requires the development of high-temperature solar reactors (Fig. 6) enabling high methane conversion and hydrogen yield [32][33][34][35][36]45,46].…”

Section: Solar Cracking/pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of solar decarbonization processes, reacting oxide materials, and thermochemical reactors for hydrogen and syngas production

Chuayboon

Abanades

2020

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Solar decarbonization processes are related to the different thermochemical conversion pathways of hydrocarbon feedstocks for solar fuels production using concentrated solar energy as the external source of high-temperature process heat. The main investigated routes aim to convert gaseous and solid feedstocks (methane, coal, biomass…) into hydrogen and syngas via solar cracking/pyrolysis, reforming/gasification, and two-step chemical looping processes using metal oxides as oxygen carriers, further associated with thermochemical H 2 O/CO 2 splitting cycles. They can also be combined with metallurgical processes for production of energy-intensive metals via solar carbothermal reduction of metal oxides.Syngas can be further converted to liquid fuels while the produced metals can be used as energy storage media or commodities. Overall, such solar-driven processes allow for improvements of conversion yields, elimination of fossil fuel or partial feedstock combustion as heat source and associated CO 2 emissions, and storage of intermittent solar energy in storable and dispatchable chemical fuels, thereby outperforming the conventional processes.The different solar thermochemical pathways for hydrogen and syngas production from gaseous and solid carbonaceous feedstocks are presented, along with their possible combination with chemical looping or metallurgical processes. The considered routes encompass the cracking/pyrolysis (producing solid carbon and hydrogen) and the reforming/gasification (producing syngas). They are further extended to chemical looping processes involving redox materials as well as metallurgical processes when metal production is targeted. This review provides a broad overview of the solar decarbonization pathways based on solid or gaseous hydrocarbons for their conversion into clean hydrogen, syngas or metals. The involved metal oxides and oxygen carrier materials as well as the solar reactors developed to operate each decarbonization route are further described.

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Kinetic investigation of carbon-catalyzed methane decomposition in a thermogravimetric solar reactor

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Carbons as Catalysts in Thermo-Catalytic Hydrocarbon Decomposition: A Review

Carbons as Catalysts in Thermo-Catalytic Hydrocarbon Decomposition: A Review

Numerical Study on Optics and Heat Transfer of Solar Reactor for Methane Thermal Decomposition

An overview of solar decarbonization processes, reacting oxide materials, and thermochemical reactors for hydrogen and syngas production

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