Kinetic mechanisms of methane hydrate replacement and carbon dioxide hydrate reorganization

Li, Zhandong; Gan, Bicheng; Li, Zhong; Zhang, Haixiang; Wang, Dianju; Zhang, Yuezhou; Wang, Yanan

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.146973

Cited by 53 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The method of heavy metal transfer to different parts of plants is directly linked to the accumulation of these metals in those parts. This transfer method also depends on the plant's characteristics and the amount of heavy metal present in the soil, which might explain the highest concentration of nickel observed in shoot samples 22 , 23 . The study evaluated nickel contamination in soil using the Pollution Load Index (PLI), which ranged from 0.01 to 0.072.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of heavy metals from contaminated water to soil, fodder and animals

Kanwal,

Raza,

Zaheer

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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A serious environmental problem that threatens soil quality, agricultural productivity, and food safety is heavy metal pollution in water sources. Heavy metal pollution is the main problem in tehsil Pasrur, Sialkot, Pakistan. Present study was arranged to notice the heavy metals in water, soil, forages and buffalo milk. There are seven sites that were used for this experiment. Highest malondialdehyde (MDA) contents (3.00 ± 0.01) were noticed in barseem roots at site 7. Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) was reached at its peak (1.93 ± 0.01) at site 7 in the fresh barseem. Maximum protein contents (0.36 ± 0.01) were observed in fresh plant samples at site 2. Site 3's buffalo milk samples had the highest Ni content (7.22 ± 0.33 ppm), while Site 3's soil samples had the lowest Cr content (8.89 ± 0.56 ppm), Site 1's plant shoots had the lowest Cr content (27.75 ± 1.98 ppm), and Site 3's water had the highest Cr content (40.07 ± 0.49 ppm). The maximum fat content (5.38 ± 2.32%) was found in the milk of the animals at site 7. The highest density (31.88 ± 6.501%), protein content (3.64 ± 0.33%), lactose content (5.54 ± 0.320%), salt content (0.66 ± 0.1673%), and freezing point (− 0.5814 ± 0.1827 °C) were also observed in the milk from animals at site 7, whereas site 5 displayed the highest water content (0.66 ± 0.1673%) and peak pH value (11.64 ± 0.09). In selected samples, the pollution load index for Ni (which ranged from 0.01 to 1.03 mg/kg) was greater than 1. Site 7 has the highest conductivity value (5.48 ± 0.48). Values for the health risk index varied from 0.000151 to 1.00010 mg/kg, suggesting that eating tainted animal feed may pose health concerns. Significant health concerns arise from metal deposition in the food chain from soil to feed, with nickel having the highest health risk index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of heavy metals from contaminated water to soil, fodder and animals

Kanwal,

Raza,

Zaheer

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…It is necessary to study the influence of the pore throat structure on the flow diversion of microspheres, which may become a key way to explain the poor application effect of microspheres in oilfields. In addition, simulating the performance of the interface between polymer microspheres and crude oil from the perspective of molecular dynamics, 57 the application of polymer microspheres in CO 2 -EOR technology 58 and the development of new high-temperature-resistant polymer microspheres 59 are also feasible research directions.…”

Section: Eor Effects Of Microspheres In the Reservoir Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore-Scale Transport Dynamic Behavior of Microspheres and Their Mechanisms for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Chen,

Li,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Polymer microsphere transport in porous media widely appears in oil field development. However, the migration and plugging mechanisms of the microspheres at the pore-throat scale need further study. In this paper, four pore-throat and one reservoir etching models were designed to simulate the pore throat distribution with different heterogeneities and real reservoir pore structures, respectively. The pore-throat matching relationship, dynamic transport behavior, and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanisms of microspheres were clarified based on the injectivity and displacement experiments. The results show that microspheres will preferentially occupy larger pores and throats, showing obvious selective plugging characteristics. Taking the absence of microspheres entering and retention in the throat as the basis for the mismatch between microspheres and pore throats, the upper limits of the matching factors of the sectional model and the axial model are 1.21 and 1.47, respectively, which is consistent with the macroscopic matching results. Microspheres have a significant liquid flow diversion effect, which can force the solution flow into the unswept small throat area and simultaneously displace blindend residual oil and film residual oil in the swept throats. Microspheres can further increase the oil recovery by 6.85% compared with polymer flooding through three mechanisms: increasing the injection pressure, plugging dominant channels, and further dispersing the continuous remaining oil. The impact of the heterogeneity of the microsphere particle size and reservoir pore throat structure on microsphere migration and EOR effects will be a future research topic.

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“…At present, energy exploitation is diversified, , and ASP flooding technology is often used to extract crude oil in the Daqing area. The ASP flooding technology is a technology that greatly improves oil recovery on the basis of alkali/polymer flooding and surfactant/polymer flooding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Alkali-Free Three-Component Flooding System in the Daqing Oilfield

Liu,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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ASP flooding is an important method to further improve oil recovery by a large margin. At present, it has entered the stage of industrial application, but there are still problems of scaling in the injection production system and high production maintenance costs. Based on the industrialized mature technology of weak alkali ASP flooding, sodium chloride is used to replace sodium carbonate, and the alkali-free three-component flooding (TC) system in the Daqing Oilfield is developed by mixing with petroleum sulfonate and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. Based on the experiments of viscosity increasing, interface performance, stability, adsorption, and oil displacement effect, the differences between the alkali-free TC system and the weak alkali ASP system are compared and analyzed. The laboratory research results show that both systems are basically the same in terms of viscosity, viscoelasticity, shear resistance, interfacial activity, stability, and flowability. Due to the lack of alkaline water, the adsorption, emulsification, and oil displacement performance of the alkali-free TC system is slightly lower than that of the weak alkali ASP system. The recovery factor of core flooding can be increased by 27.31% over water flooding, which is 2.56 percentage points lower than that of the weak alkali ASP system. On the premise of the same 1% EOR effect, the agent cost of the alkali-free system is 17.02% lower than that of the alkali ASP system. This article innovatively verifies the feasibility of using NaCl instead of Na 2 CO 3 and explains the mechanism of significantly improving oil recovery in composite systems under alkali-free conditions from the ion level. However, the emulsification effect of the alkali-free TC system is relatively weak. The next step of research would be to consider adding an E-surfactant to enhance the emulsification performance of the composite system. By improving the system composition, technical references are provided for the efficient development of other terrestrial sandstone oilfields.

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Kinetic mechanisms of methane hydrate replacement and carbon dioxide hydrate reorganization

Cited by 53 publications

References 43 publications

Transformation of heavy metals from contaminated water to soil, fodder and animals

Transformation of heavy metals from contaminated water to soil, fodder and animals

Pore-Scale Transport Dynamic Behavior of Microspheres and Their Mechanisms for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Study on the Alkali-Free Three-Component Flooding System in the Daqing Oilfield

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