Kinetic Modeling of Palmitamidopropyl Betaine Synthesis

Wang, Xinrui; Shang, Xiaosen; Liu, Peng; Xie, Fengwei; Xiao, T.Y.; Song, Shanshan; Gong, Zhe

doi:10.1002/jsde.12156

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This molecule is a product of the amidation reaction between palmitic acid and dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) (Fig. 1) (Wang et al, 2018). However, there is little to no information about its enthalpy of formation in the NIST database or literature, which has impaired energy process analysis by the chemical industry and consequently leads to much higher energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated enthalpy of formation of N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide by experimental approach

Foresto,

Moya,

Suppino

2023

Preprint

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The N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide molecule is an important intermediate for synthesizing amphoteric and quaternary ammonium surfactants. Despite its importance for the household and personal care sectors, little to no information about its enthalpy of formation is found in the NIST database or literature, which hinders many industrial operations, especially its chemical production, by consuming much more energy than what is necessary. In this work, we present a first estimative of N-[3- (Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide's standard enthalpy of formation with a simple procedure that can be used to obtain similar parameters in chemical industry laboratories. The enthalpy estimative was obtained by reacting palmitic acid and dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA), yielding the desired compound. Hess's law was used to determine the enthalpy of the reaction through the heat associated with the extent of the reaction. The reagents were contacted in a simple calorimeter at room temperature (diluted with acetone) and 100 ºC (without acetone). The extent of the reaction was obtained by quantitative determination of the reaction medium in gas chromatography. The room temperature experiment led to an insignificant reaction extent which generated an unreliable result for the compound's enthalpy of formation. In contrast, at 100 ºC, the estimated standard enthalpy of the reaction was adequately calculated, leading to an enthalpy of formation of -703.93 ± 9.17 kJ/mol for the N- [3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide. With this simple procedure, the industrial reactor's more precise heat consumption can be calculated, yielding economic and environmental benefits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated enthalpy of formation of N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide by experimental approach

Foresto,

Moya,

Suppino

2023

Preprint

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“…Zwitterion surfactants which contain both positively and negatively charged are increasingly attracting the interest of researchers both an industrial application and within academic fields. This is due to their unique properties [16][17][18][19] such as excellent water solubility, broad isoelectric ranges, mildness to the skin and eyes, high foam stability in sensitivity to the presence of salts and to temperature, synergistic effect with a wide variety of ionic and nonionic surfactants and resistance to hard water and to degradation by oxidizing and reducing agents [20]. Betaines important zwitterion surfactants are widely used in cosmetic, pesticides, leather and have been proposed for enhanced oil recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of polymer-surfactants by gamma irradiation for removal nickel ions from aqueous solution

Mamdouh¹,

abdel-salam²,

Maziad³

et al. 2020

Journal of Scientific Research in Science

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A high yield method for the direct amidation of long‐chain fatty acids

Wang

Gang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The amidation of long‐chain fatty acids is the key step for preparing surfactants with excellent interfacial activity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was employed to detect the reactants and products in the direct amidation reactions. The conversion and the concentration of the amides in the reaction process were also investigated to determine the best catalyst, the reaction rate constants, and activation energy. It was identified that the amidation reaction of the long‐chain phenyl fatty acid was a zero‐order reaction and 3,4,5‐trifluorophenylboronic acid was the most effective catalyst by which the activation energy reduced to 55.79 kJ/mol from 95.44 kJ/mol. The method can be applied to other long‐chain fatty acids, saturated or unsatureated. The turning‐over‐temperature was 156°C, over which high yields can be achieved without any catalyst. These provide a reference for the preparation of long‐chain fatty acid amides.

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Kinetic Modeling of Palmitamidopropyl Betaine Synthesis

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Estimated enthalpy of formation of N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide by experimental approach

Estimated enthalpy of formation of N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] hexadecanamide by experimental approach

Synthesis of polymer-surfactants by gamma irradiation for removal nickel ions from aqueous solution

A high yield method for the direct amidation of long‐chain fatty acids

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