Optically active a-hydroxy carbonyl compounds are not only very important structural motifs in numerous biologically interesting compounds, but also serve as fundamental building blocks for numerous applications in organic synthesis. [1] Over the past decades, various methods have been developed for the synthesis of these valuable chiral compounds. [2][3][4][5] Among these, the transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of organometallic reagents to a-keto carbonyl compounds is a particularly powerful and straightforward approach. [4] In recent years, the use of stable, commercially available aryl boronic acids in place of common organometallic reagents in transition-metal-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions has attracted considerable attention. [5,6] However, despite these successes with asymmetric reactions involving a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds [7] and aldimines, [8] the transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric addition of aryl boronic acids to carbonoxygen double bonds in ketones (producing enantioenriched tertiary alcohols) remains under-studied and elusive. To date, only very limited progress has been achieved in the rhodiumcatalyzed asymmetric addition of these species to isatins (up to 91 % ee), [5a,b] a-ketoesters (up to 95 % ee), [5c,d, 9] and atrifluoromethyl ketones (up to 83 % ee);[10] all methods that employ chiral phosphine, phosphite, or phosphoramidite ligands.[11] With respect to a-diketones, to the best of our knowledge, there are no examples of their catalytic, enantioselective coupling with aryl boronic acids to provide optically active, tertiary a-hydroxyketones.[12] Thus, the development of new catalytic systems that are capable of the efficient synthesis of enantiomerically pure a-hydroxy carbonyl compounds with a quaternary stereogenic center is highly desirable.We have recently designed a series of chiral sulfinamide/ sulfoxide-based olefin ligands and successfully employed them in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of aryl boronic acids to a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. [13,14] These studies demonstrated that simple and readily available chiral sulfur-olefin hybrid ligands can also display great catalytic activities and enantioselectivities in asymmetric catalysis. We have recently become intrigued by the possibility of their application in the more challenging enantioselective 1,2-addition of aryl boronic acids to more activated ketones, such as a-ketoesters and a-diketones, to provide optically active, functionalized tertiary alcohols. Herein we describe our efforts to address this issue. By employing an extremely simple, chiral N-(sulfinyl)cinnamylamine as a ligand, aryl boronic acids were effectively activated under rhodium catalysis to react stereoselectively with both a-ketoesters and a-diketones, giving products with excellent enantioselectivities under exceptionally mild conditions.In our initial studies, we attempted to test whether our recently designed chiral sulfinamide/sulfoxide-olefins 1-3 can act as chiral ligands in the ...