Kinetic Study of Agricultural Wastes Conversion to Biogas using Cow Dung/Poultry Droppings as Inoculums

Yavini, Tsunatu D.; Silas, Kiman; Grema, Mustapha B.; Luria, Jang A.

doi:10.9790/2402-08144651

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The rate constant (k) represents a measure of the wastes biodegradation rate and the half-life (t1/2) indicates the length of time it takes to degrade half the concentration of the organic wastes [29] & [30]. The higher the value of k, the higher or faster is the rate of biodegradation and consequently the lower is the half-life of the waste for first order kinetic model [31] & [32]. The zero, first and second order kinetic models were used to assess the dynamics of the biodegradation process and how close the models fitted the experimental data.…”

Section: Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

Ibrahim¹,

Ahmed²,

Gutti³

et al. 2018

IJET

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The combination of Irish potato waste (IPW) and poultry waste (PW) can form a synergy resulting into an effective substrate for a better biogas production due to some materials they contain. In this work, optimization and kinetic study of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of IPW and PW was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize conditions such as initial pH, solids concentrations and waste ratios. The anaerobic digestion of the two wastes was carried out in the mesophilic condition and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to develop and analyze a predictive model which describes the biogas yield. The results revealed that there is a good fit between the experimental and the predicted biogas yield as revealed by the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 97.93%. Optimization using quadratic RSM predicts biogas yield of 19.75% at the optimal conditions of initial pH value 7.28, solids concentration (w/v) 9.85% and waste ratio (IPW:PW) 45:55%. The reaction was observed to have followed a first order kinetics having R2 and relative squared error (RSE) values of 90.61 and 9.63% respectively. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constant and half-life of the biogas yield were evaluated at optimum conditions to be 0.0392 day-1 and 17.68 days respectively. The optimum conditions and kinetic parameters generated from this research can be used to design real bio-digesters, monitor substrate concentrations, simulate biochemical processes and predict performance of bio-digesters using IPW and PW as substrate.

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Section: Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

Ibrahim¹,

Ahmed²,

Gutti³

et al. 2018

IJET

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“…For the removal of heavy metal from the aqueous milieu, various methods such as chemical precipitation, electrodialysis, membrane process, liquid extraction and ion exchange have been employed [11]. Biogas is a commonly used bio-fuel around the globe and is generated through an environmental friendly process of anaerobic digestion or the fermentation of biodegradable matters such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, rubbish dumps, septic tank, green waste and energy crops with a stable product for agricultural purposes without any detrimental effect on the environment [12]. Bio fertilizers contain microorganisms that help plants to grow by increasing the quantity of nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Removal of Chromium by using Cow Dung as Low Cost Adsorbents

Thangavel¹,

Gopal²

2017

IJIES

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Abstract:In apparent, the intension is removal of chromium using cow dung as low cost adsorbents from the industrial wastewater. Chromium (Cr) is one of the most toxic substances and is introduced into the environment through a variety of industrial activities. In order to remove the chromium from the contaminated water there are lot of methods available, even though they are not in natural way. In the paper naturally availing material like Cow dung ash is used to remove the chromium by adsorbent method. Since the collected chromium contaminated waste water from the industry will have only a particular Cr+ concentration and pH value, an aqueous solution has been prepared with unique concentration and with different pH values. And activated ash is added separately to the aqueous solution with different dosages and varying contact periods. From the investigation and interpretation of results it has been noted that the Cow dung ash has effectively removed the chromium content when it was added 6g/l to the 1000ml of aqueous solution. In the view of contact time of the adsorbent, 3 hours of period been an ideal one and pH doesn't had a significant effect.

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“…At high %TS content greater than 25%, substrate degradation is reduced and contributes to reduction of methane and biogas production (Fernández et al, 2008;Forster-Carneiro et al, 2008;Motte et al, 2013). In wet digesters, biogas production do increase with increase in %TS from 7-10% where by above and below this percentage biogas production decreases (Yavini et al, 2014;Ranade et al, 1990). The study on the effect of %TS in biogas production was again report by Maamri and Amrani (2014) where the results on their research findings show that, as % TS concentration increases the amount of biogas produced also increase.…”

Section: Effect Of Ts Vs Cn and Mixing Ratio Of Substrates On Biogas ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of biogas production process in solid state digesters: option for minimizing deforestation in dry areas

Mahushi

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Questionnaire survey, satellite images of 1987, 1997, 2002 and 2017 were used to assess energy sources, demand and the impact of fuel wood use to forest cover changes in Meru and Mwanga districts. The major energy sources identified in the study areas included cow dung cake, fire wood, charcoal, biogas and liquefied petroleum gas. The total energy demand consumed from these sources were 1400, 6289, 724 and 21 kg per day per total sampled households respectively. The area covered with forest in Meru district was found to be 1510, 1723, 1612 and 1327 ha for 1987, 1997, 2002 and 2017, respectively. Area covered with forest in Mwanga was 31 705, 31 988, 17 939 and 30 960 ha for 1987, 1997, 2002 and 2017 respectively. A batch study to verify the appropriate and optimal mixing ratio of feedstocks was also done. The mixing ratios of cow dung to water ranged from 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1. Total solids determined were 120, 150 and 170 mg/g of fresh sample for the ratios 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1, respectively. Biogas yield for 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 were 21.4, 22.7 and 46.4 mL/gVS, respectively. These results showed a promising future of the technology which can be adopted by all solid state digester users living in dry areas. Lastly, fuel wood consumption is a real threat to forest, however, use of renewable energy such as biogas could save forest degradation.

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Kinetic Study of Agricultural Wastes Conversion to Biogas using Cow Dung/Poultry Droppings as Inoculums

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

Experimental Study on Removal of Chromium by using Cow Dung as Low Cost Adsorbents

Optimization of biogas production process in solid state digesters: option for minimizing deforestation in dry areas

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