Kinetical Energy of River Running Water

Bostan, Ion; Gheorghe, Adrian V.; Dulgheru, Valeriu; Sobor, Ion; Bostan, Viorel; Sochirean, Anatolie

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4189-8_4

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…WCTs are used for water pumping and/or electro-generation. Nonetheless, current research on these devices focuses mainly on the latter [135,136,[142][143][144][145][146], whereas the pumping purpose is barely addressed by few authors [147].…”

Section: Water Current Turbinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Lifting Water: A Comprehensive Spatiotemporal Review on the Hydro-Powered Water Pumping Technologies

Zambrano

Michavila²,

Arenas

et al. 2019

Water

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Water pumping systems driven by renewable energies are more environmentally sound and, at times, less expensive alternatives to electric-or diesel-based ones. From these, hydro-powered pumps have further advantages. Nevertheless, these seem to be largely ignored nowadays. More than 800 scientific and nonscientific documents contributed to assemble their fragmented storylines. A total of 30 pressure-based hydro-powered pumping technologies worldwide have been classified and plotted in space and time. Although these do not present identifiable patterns, some noticeable clusters appear in regions such as Europe, South-Southeast Asia, and Eastern Africa, and in timeframes around 1960-1990, respectively. Some technologies have had a global impact and interest from their beginnings until contemporary times, others have been crucial for the development of specific countries, and other ones barely had almost imperceptible lives. All of them, nonetheless, have demonstrated to be a sound alternative to conventional pumping technologies, which can be unaffordable or inaccessible, particularly in remote and off-the-grid areas. Currently, hydro-powered pumping technologies face a regained momentum, hence a potentially promising future. However, researchers, manufacturers, and users need to be aware of the importance that management systems, as well as business models, pose for these technologies beyond their mere performance.Pumped irrigation is ruled worldwide by electricity-and diesel-based systems. They bear high operation and maintenance costs because of continuous use of electricity from the grid and expensive fuels, respectively. As a consequence, these technologies might be eventually (too) cost-intensive for most smallholders-which makes them less accessible and/or suitable for small farmers. Furthermore, they are strongly linked to air pollution due to their gaseous emissions and noise [4,5]. More environmentally sound and, at times, less expensive alternatives would be pumping systems based on renewable energy (RE) sources, i.e., solar power, wind power, biomass/biogas, and hydropower [6].Hydro-powered pumping (HPP) technologies, namely those driven by the energy contained in the water they lift, correspond to a concept as ancient as effective [7,8]. Non-direct lifting (i.e., pressure-based) HPP devices started being envisaged by Al-Jazari in the early 13th century [9], and later on by Taqi Al-Din [7,10], Agricola [11], Ramelli [12], and other authors [13] during the 16th century. These pumping systems pose further advantages over their other RE-based counterparts: (i) Their energy source is generally available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, relatively concentrated and more predictable; (ii) they have a higher power-to-size ratio, thus are more cost-effective; (iii) they are mechanically simpler and more robust, hence less maintenance-demanding and long-lasting; and (iv) they are typically more efficient (up to 85%) [14].Nevertheless, and despite their advantages and long history in water lifting, HPP systems se...

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Section: Water Current Turbinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Lifting Water: A Comprehensive Spatiotemporal Review on the Hydro-Powered Water Pumping Technologies

Zambrano

Michavila²,

Arenas

et al. 2019

Water

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“…The equation for the specific speed, Ns, refers to the international standard for model acceptance tests of hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines, IEC 60193 (International Electrotechnical Commission, 1999). Referring to the type of turbine as a function of its specific speed, the current model matches the propeller or kaplan turbine type (Bostan et al, 2013). In this study, an axial-flow hydraulic turbine type propeller with fixed guide vanes and runner blades was chosen because it displays good performance when operating in very low head sites and also has low installation costs (Elbatran et al, 2015).…”

Section: Turbine Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascade Optimization of an Axial-Flow Hydraulic Turbine Type Propeller by a Genetic Algorithm

Soesanto¹,

Widiyanto²,

Susatyo³

et al. 2019

IJTech

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This study proposes the use of the genetic algorithm (GA) method in hydraulic turbine optimization for renewable energy applications. The algorithm is used to optimize the performance of a two-dimensional hydrofoil cascade for an axial-flow hydraulic turbine. The potential flow around the cascade is analyzed using the surface vorticity panel method, with a modified coupling coefficient to deal with the turbine cascade. Each section of the guide vane and runner blade hydrofoil cascade is optimized to satisfy the shock-free criterion, which is the fluid dynamic ideal to achieve minimum profile losses. Comparison is also made between the direct and random switching methods for the GA crossover operator. The optimization results show that the random switching method outperforms the performance of the direct switching method in terms of the resulting solutions, as well as in terms of the computational time required to reach convergence. As an alternative to experimental trials, the performance of both turbine designs are predicted and analyzed using the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach under several operating conditions. The simulation results show that the optimized design, which is obtained by applying the shock-free criterion using the GA, successfully improves the performance of the initial turbine design.

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“…The unavoidable growth of worldwide energy consumption and the adverse environmental impacts of burning fossil fuels pave way for extensive prospects to exploit renewable energies such as hydropower (1). Meanwhile, several reservoirs have been constructed for the generation of hydropower in the world as a result of the constraint on fuel usage, the pollution produced by fossil fuel and the benefits of using clean and renewable hydro energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of cascade hydropower system operation by genetic algorithm to maximize clean energy output

Tayebiyan

Mohammad

2016

Environ health eng manag

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Background: Several reservoir systems have been constructed for hydropower generation around the world. Hydropower offers an economical source of electricity with reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, it is such a clean and renewable source of energy. Reservoirs that generate hydropower are typically operated with the goal of maximizing energy revenue. Yet, reservoir systems are inefficiently operated and manage according to policies determined at the construction time. It is worth noting that with little enhancement in operation of reservoir system, there could be an increase in efficiency of the scheme for many consumers. Methods: This research develops simulation-optimization models that reflect discrete hedging policy (DHP) to manage and operate hydropower reservoir system and analyse it in both single and multireservoir system. Accordingly, three operational models (2 single reservoir systems and 1 multi-reservoir system) were constructed and optimized by genetic algorithm (GA). Maximizing the total power generation in horizontal time is chosen as an objective function in order to improve the functional efficiency in hydropower production with consideration to operational and physical limitations. The constructed models, which is a cascade hydropower reservoirs system have been tested and evaluated in the Cameron Highland and Batang Padang in Malaysia. Results: According to the given results, usage of DHP for hydropower reservoir system operation could increase the power generation output to nearly 13% in the studied reservoir system compared to present operating policy (TNB operation). This substantial increase in power production will enhance economic development. Moreover, the given results of single and multi-reservoir systems affirmed that hedging policy could manage the single system much better than operation of the multi-reservoir system. Conclusion: It can be summarized that DHP is an efficient and feasible policy, which could be used for the operation of existing or new hydropower reservoir system.

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Kinetical Energy of River Running Water

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Water Lifting Water: A Comprehensive Spatiotemporal Review on the Hydro-Powered Water Pumping Technologies

Water Lifting Water: A Comprehensive Spatiotemporal Review on the Hydro-Powered Water Pumping Technologies

Cascade Optimization of an Axial-Flow Hydraulic Turbine Type Propeller by a Genetic Algorithm

Optimization of cascade hydropower system operation by genetic algorithm to maximize clean energy output

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