Kinetics and avidity of anti-Toxocara antibodies (IgG) in rabbits experimentally infected with Toxocara canis

Abstract

An evaluation was made of the kinetics and avidity of anti-Toxocara antibodies (IgG) in rabbits experimentally infected with embryonated Toxocara canis eggs. Seventeen four month old New Zealand White rabbits were distributed into two groups. In the experimental group, twelve rabbits were infected orally with 1,000 embryonated T. canis eggs. A second group (n = 5), uninfected, was used as a control. Serum samples were collected for analysis on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60 post-infection (DPI). An indirect ELISA test was performed to evaluate the reactivity index (RI) of IgG anti-T. canis antibodies and to calculate the avidity index (AI). The animals showed seroconversion from the 14 th DPI, with high AI (over 50%) except for one animal, which presented an intermediate AI. At 60 DPI, all the animals were seropositive and maintained a high AI. The data indicated that specific IgG antibodies formed early (14 DPI) in rabbits infected with T. canis, with a high avidity index that persisted throughout the course of the infection.

Studying Some of Immunological Parameters of doges that Toxocara Infections in Saladinprovince

“…The infection rate appeared in this parasite high in stray dogs, which may be the reason for stray dogs spread in different regions and lack of attention with unhealthy culture conditions, which increases the chances of exposure to parasitic infection and other diseases. The presence of anti-T. canis antibodies from T. canis-infected sera were showed Significant decreased in IgG concentration compared with healthy control which non-significant level this level exhibited detectable amounts of IgG in sera at 14 days post-infection, While IgM showed Significant increace in concentration compared with healthy control in in significant level(P>0.05), The levels of circulating antigen were highest during the first week of infection, The production of specific anti-T. canis antibodies was increased with significance the lowest detectable levels were observed at 3 months post-infection T. canis infection exhibited detectable amounts of IgG in sera at 14 days post-infection this results aggregated with the same study [1] . No significant differences was reported between Toxocariasis group and healthy control in terms of Complement 4 proteins, Complement 3 proteins although increased complement level in Toxocarisis group compared with healthy control in in significant level(P>0.05), differences were significant and highly significant in terms of C3, and run up serum echelons of complement 3 are combination with acute phase of inflammatory interactions, Whereas C3 and C4 are completely inactivated by removal of the C-terminal arginine, C5a retains approximately 10% of its chemotactic activity, which may explain the partial inactivation of chemotaxisinthis infection [5] .…”

“…Dogs and cats are the most important animal hosts for toxocariasis, especially in developing countries where most cats and dogs have access to public parks and playgrounds, serving as the main source of soil contamination, and posing a huge risk of human exposure to infective eggs 17. Toxocariasis is a highly prevalent parasitic disease in the tropical regions of the world, with its impact on public health being typically underestimated [1][2] . Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease usually caused by dog and cat roundworms, Toxocaracanis and T. cati.…”

Human Toxocariasis: 2010 to 2020 Contributions from Brazilian Researchers

“…Aspects of the immune response of nonhuman paratenic hosts, with possible benefits for surveys aimed at determining the frequency of infections by Toxocara larvae, have been studied in vivo, in mouse or rabbit models. [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] Serological surveys carried out on synanthropic animals that are paratenic hosts of T. canis revealed significant natural frequencies of infection, indicating that there is a risk involved in the human consumption of raw or undercooked meat from these animals. [91][92][93][94] Recombinant proteins used in ELISAs and Western blot assays for the diagnosis of Toxocara infections of cattle, horses, and sheep have obtained good results.…”

Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of Toxocara infection using a rat model

“…In an experimental infection of 1000 T. canis eggs in 4 month old New Zealand White rabbits, 16 out of 17 animals exhibited detectable amounts of IgG in sera at 14 days post-infection. All animals exhibited high titers at 60 days post-infection (Bin et al 2016).…”