Kinetics and distribution of alcohol oxidising activity inAcholeplasmaandMycoplasmaspecies

Abstract

Alcohol metabolism by Acholeplasma and Mycoplasma cell suspensions was determined using changes in dissolved oxygen tension to monitor oxygen uptake. All seven Acholeplasma test species oxidised ethanol and (where tested) propanol, butanol and pentanol. The rate of oxidation, at any particular substrate concentration, decreased with increasing alcohol molecular mass. Amongst 20 Mycoplasma species tested, M. agalactiae, M. bovis, M. dispar, M. gallisepticum, M. pneumoniae and M. ovipneumoniae oxidised ethanol. Propanol was also oxidised by M. dispar and isopropanol by M. agalactiae, M. bovis and M. ovipneumoniae. Isopropanol was oxidised at particularly high rates (V(max)100 nmol O(2) taken up min(-1) mg cell protein(-1)) and with a relatively high affinity (K(m) value<2 mM); oxygen uptake was consistent with oxidation to acetone. The significance of alcohol oxidation is unclear, as it would not be predicted to lead to ATP synthesis.

Mycoplasma bovis in Nordic European Countries: Emergence and Dominance of a New Clone

“…However, more than half of the tested isolates (n = 63) lacked the adh-1 gene, one of the 7 loci included in this MLST-1a scheme, limiting the ability of the scheme to effectively subtype such isolates. The adh-1 gene encodes the alcohol dehydrogenase responsible for alcohol oxidation, a characteristic known to vary between Mycoplasma species [39]. The absence of the adh-1 locus was recently described in different isolates, including Swiss strain JF4278 used here as a reference [40].…”

Simultaneous Identification of Potential Pathogenicity Factors of Mycoplasma agalactiae in the Natural Ovine Host by Negative Selection

“…Similarly, AdhT (alcohol dehydrogenase) has been shown previously to be involved in adhesion, biofilm formation, and host colonization of pathogens (65)(66)(67). Since M. agalactiae also is known to metabolize alcohols (68), and since the mutant carrying an insertion in the adhT gene was reproducibly unrecoverable in our genetic screens, it could influence its in vivo fitness and survival.…”

Decoupling Fe0 Application and Bioaugmentation in Space and Time Enables Microbial Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethene to Ethene: Evidence from Soil Columns

“…Instead, Acholeplasma (up to 7.2% of total sequences) and Spirochaetaceae (up to 7.6% of the total sequences) were enriched in Phase III (Figure 3; day 326). Acholeplasma are saprotrophic bacteria with the ability to oxidize complex organic substrates 98 and dead biomass using O 2 . 99,100 Spirochaetaceae are obligate fermenters of complex organic substrates producing lactate, acetate, formate, H 2 , and CO 2 .…”

“…Instead, Acholeplasma (up to 7.2% of total sequences) and Spirochaetaceae (up to 7.6% of the total sequences) were enriched in Phase III (Figure ; day 326). Acholeplasma are saprotrophic bacteria with the ability to oxidize complex organic substrates and dead biomass using O 2 . , Spirochaetaceae are obligate fermenters of complex organic substrates producing lactate, acetate, formate, H 2 , and CO 2 . , Members of Spirochaetaceae contain genes related to oxidative stress defense from reactive oxygen species and O 2 , and are frequently detected with D. mccartyi in environments with oxidative stress fluctuations …”