Kinetics and equilibrium adsorption study of lead(II) onto activated carbon prepared from coconut shell

Sekar, M.; Sakthi, V.; Selvaraj, Rengaraj

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.06.042

Cited by 592 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A similar theory was proposed by several earlier workers for metal adsorption on different adsorbents [40][41][42] .…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Mb Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 68%

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Malaysia

Philip¹,

Malek²,

Sani³

et al. 2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: It is well documented that lead is one of contaminants of industrial wastewaters and its pollution exists in the wastewater of many industries. As a result, recent research has focused on the development of cost effective alternatives using various natural sources and industrial wastes. In this setting, the use of low-cost agricultural materials, waste and residues for recovering heavy metals from contaminated industrial effluent has emerged as a potential alternative method to high cost adsorbents. In the present study, adsorption of lead(II) ions onto Orange Peel (OP), a typical agricultural byproduct, was investigated systematically with the variation in the parameters of pH, sorbent dosage, contact time and the initial concentration of adsorbate. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were also calculated to describe the adsorption mechanism. Approach: The Orange Peel (OP) was obtained from a local market in the south of Jordan. The orange peel was cut into small pieces using scissors. Then OP was dried at 100°C for 24 h using hot air oven. Qualitative analyses of the main functional groups involved in metal adsorption were performed using a Fourier transformed infrared spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer FTIR 1605, ¨Uberlingen, Germany). Biosorption experiments were carried out in a thermostatic shaker at 180 rpm and at an ambient temperature (20±2°C) using 250 mL shaking flasks containing 100 mL of different concentrations and initial pH values of Pb(II) solutions, prepared from reagent grade salt Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (Merck). The initial pH values of the solutions were previously adjusted with 0.1 M HNO 3 or NaOH and measured using a hand held pH meters (315i/SET). The sorbent (0.2-1.0 g) was added to each flask and then the flasks were sealed up to prevent change of volume of the solution during the experiments. After shaking the flasks for predetermined time intervals, the samples were withdrawn from the flasks and filtered through a Whatman filter paper. The filtrate was analyzed by AAS (Perkin Elmer Analyst 300). Results: Four kinetic models are the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion equations, were selected to interpret the adsorption data. Kinetic parameters such as the rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities and related correlation coefficients, for each kinetic model were calculated and discussed. The linear Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe equilibrium isotherms and both models fitted well. The monolayer adsorption capacity was found as 21.1 mg g −1 at pH 6 and 20°C.The dimensionless separation factor (R L ) has shown that orange peel can be used for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The nagative free energy of adsorption indicated that the adsorption of lead (II) ions onto orange peel was feasible and spontaneous. Conclusion: The sorption capacity of the orange peel is comparable to the other available adsorbents and it is quite c...

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“…A similar theory was proposed by several earlier workers for metal adsorption on different adsorbents [40][41][42] .…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Mb Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 68%

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Malaysia

Philip¹,

Malek²,

Sani³

et al. 2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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“…The experimental equilibrium adsorption capacity, q e was 1.66 mg g which is consistent with that of calculated from the pseudosecond-order model (1.68 mg g -1 ). The activation energy, E a for the adsorption of Cr (VI) ions on graphene was determined using the Arrhenius equation (Sekar et al 2004),…”

Section: Adsorption Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solution by graphene nanosheets: kinetic and thermodynamic studies

Goharshadi

Moghaddam

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the present study, a batch system was used to investigate the adsorption of chromium (VI) ions from an aqueous solution by graphene nanosheets. Graphene is decorated with functional groups containing oxygen such as epoxy and hydroxyl on the basal plane. The large negative charge density available on graphene causes effective adsorption of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity and rate of chromium (VI) ions at different temperatures, adsorbent dosages, initial concentrations, and contact times were evaluated. The kinetic study illustrated that the adsorption of chromium (VI) ions onto graphene obeys the pseudo-second-order model with activation energy of 21.91 kJ mol -1 . The chromium (VI) ions adsorption was well explained using Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model. The values of standard enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy changes at 25°C were calculated as 686.07 kJ mol -1 , 2.38 kJ mol -1 K -1 , and -22.43 kJ mol -1 , respectively. In this work, graphene was prepared via a green method. Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Boehm's titration, and N 2 adsorption-desorption techniques revealed a high-quality few-layer nanosheets of graphene with surface area and inter-planar spacing of 594.7 m 2 g -1 and 3.6 Å , respectively.

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“…Among these heavy metals, Pb 2+ , coming from battery manufacturing, ceramic and glass manufacturing, OPEN ACCESS metal planting and finishing, printing, and production of lead additives for gasoline, is known to have a severe toxic damage to neuronal system, kidneys, reproductive system, liver and brain [2,3]. Since lead does not degrade in environment like organic pollutants [4], the safe and effective disposal of wastewater containing Pb 2+ is always a challenge to industrialists and environmentalists [5]. At present, various methods including chemical precipitation, electrochemical reduction, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation, and adsorption have been developed to remove Pb 2+ from wastewater [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Studies of Coconut Shell Carbons Prepared by KOH Activation for Removal of Lead(II) From Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2013

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Abstract:Removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions using coconut shell carbons produced by KOH activation is performed in this paper. Morphology and pore structure characteristic of coconut shell carbons are analyzed by SEM and nitrogen adsorption techniques. Effects of adsorbent concentration, agitation time and initial ion concentration on the adsorption behavior are investigated, and adsorption isotherm and kinetics on coconut shell carbons are also studied. The results show that high weight ratio of KOH/sample is favorable to produce rich porous structure. The resultant coconut shell carbons with a high specific surface area of 1135 m 2 /g is obtained and demonstrates good adsorption potential on removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions. Adsorption data fit well with Freundlich and Halsey isotherms. The kinetic studies indicate that adsorption behavior can be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which also follows external diffusion and intra-particle diffusion in the adsorption process.

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Kinetics and equilibrium adsorption study of lead(II) onto activated carbon prepared from coconut shell

Cited by 592 publications

References 15 publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Malaysia

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Malaysia

Adsorption of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solution by graphene nanosheets: kinetic and thermodynamic studies

Adsorption Studies of Coconut Shell Carbons Prepared by KOH Activation for Removal of Lead(II) From Aqueous Solutions

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