Kinetics and Mechanism of Aniline and Chloroanilines Degradation Photocatalyzed by Halloysite-TiO2 and Halloysite-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites

Szczepanik, Beata; Słomkiewicz, P. M.; Wideł, Dariusz; Czaplicka, Marianna; Frydel, Laura

doi:10.3390/catal11121548

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This behavior can be described by means of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood pseudo-first-order kinetic model, which tries to explain that the reactions occur on the surface of the catalyst only if it always has the same adsorption capacity and does not consider the interactions between the absorbed molecules. 37,38 In the case of these two reactions with phenol at 5 and 10 ppm, it agrees with the results presented here, are in agreement with other studies, in which the reactions were governed by first-order kinetics, and the concentration of the contaminant decreases exponentially and, simultaneously, the concentration of the product increases in the same way. To explain the change to zero order in the reactions with phenol at 25 and 50 ppm, it can be suggested that '"zero order reactions appear in heterogeneous systems when the surface of a solid phase is saturated with a reactant, but they are also seen in certain homogeneous systems'.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…S4) showed that, when using concentrations of 25 ppm and 50 ppm, zero order kinetics fit the data, while for lower concentrations (5 and 10 ppm) a first‐order kinetics was more suitable. This behavior can be described by means of the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model, which tries to explain that the reactions occur on the surface of the catalyst only if it always has the same adsorption capacity and does not consider the interactions between the absorbed molecules 37,38 . In the case of these two reactions with phenol at 5 and 10 ppm, it agrees with the results presented here, are in agreement with other studies, in which the reactions were governed by first‐order kinetics, and the concentration of the contaminant decreases exponentially and, simultaneously, the concentration of the product increases in the same way.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

González

Fuente

García

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Phenol and its derivatives are considered toxic compounds, even at low concentrations. Their accumulation in water effluents has become a serious problem that could be resolved by using zinc oxide (ZnO)-based photocatalysts.RESULTS: ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized through the precipitation method, using zinc nitrate and sodium carbonate as reagents. The as-synthesized powder was calcined for 4 h at 500 °C (2°C min −1 ). X-Ray diffraction analysis confirmed a hexagonal crystalline phase (wurtzite) with an average crystallite size of 38 nm. The Kubelka-Munk method was used to determine a band gap of 3.27 eV through UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific area of 12 m 2 g −1 was obtained from N 2 adsorption analysis. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO was evaluated under visible light (300 W) lamp, with 1 mg mL −1 of photocatalyst and using phenol solutions at different concentrations of 5, 10, 25, and 50 ppm; the obtained degradation percentages were 98%, 97%, 94%, and 71%, respectively. Three cycles were performed with the ZnO used in the reactions with phenol at 5 and 50 ppm, decreasing the degraded percentages to 87% and 65%, respectively. The generation of hydroxyl radicals was estimated for the ZnO and ZnO samples after three cycles by means of fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. It was observed that the first-used ZnO material generated a significant amount of hydroxyl radicals.CONCLUSION: When compared to ZnO after three cycles of reaction, the amount of generated hydroxyl radicals decreased. It was observed that the higher the amount of phenol, the lower the generation of hydroxyl radicals after reuse; this was probably due to the presence of some adsorbed by-products of the photocatalytic reaction on the surface of ZnO, as the FTIR spectrum of the post-reaction sample showed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

González

Fuente

García

et al. 2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…The produced radicals can oxidize the aniline in the solution and cause its degradation. [40,41] 4 | CONCLUSION…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Concentration Of Anilinementioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis and characterization of Ni_0.25Zn_0.75Fe₂O₄magnetic nanoparticles and study of their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of aniline

Kiani

Ramazani

Fardood

2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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Because aniline is a persistent pollutant, a cost‐effective and efficient removal method is urgently needed. This study evaluates the synergistic effect of nickel doping in spinel zinc ferrite to enhance the photocatalytic performance of magnetic nanoparticles. Herein, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX)/Map, and vibrating‐sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques were used to evaluate Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 MNPs synthesis by a sol–gel method. The produced nanoparticles have a surface area of 20.325 m2 g−1. At room temperature, the nanoparticles exhibit superparamagnetic characteristics and can be readily separated from the aqueous solution. The bandgap has been determined to be 1.83 eV using Tauc's plot. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 MNPs for aniline degradation under visible light irradiation was examined. The photocatalytic results demonstrate that nickel‐doped zinc ferrite has high photocatalytic activity in aniline degradation. Additionally, Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are highly magnetic in nature, which simplifies separation and repetitive reuse.

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“…In general, the kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic degradation of most organic wastewaters are represented by a pseudo first-order reaction rationalized in terms of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model [64]. In the L-H kinetic model, the rate of degradation takes the following form [65]:…”

Section: Photocatalytic Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Mixed ZnO-SnO2 Nanoparticles for Solar-Assisted Degradation of Synthetic Dyes

Algarni,

Al-Mohaimeed,

Abduh

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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In this work, ZnO, SnO2, and their mixed ZnO-SnO2(25%) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully green synthesized in a straightforward manner with a low-cost and environmentally friendly approach using a banana peel extract. The synthesized nanophotocatalysts were characterized using various techniques including FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis, TEM, SEM, BET, PL, EDS, and TGA. The characterization results showed that the ZnO and SnO2 powders were crystallized in a hexagonal wurtzite and rutile-type tetragonal structures, respectively, and their mixed ZnO-SnO2(25%) NPs contain both structures. Also, it was found that the addition of SnO2 into the ZnO structure reduces the PL intensity of the latter, confirming better separation of electron/hole pairs. The average particle size of a ZnO-SnO2(25%) NP photocatalyst was found to be 7.23 nm. The cationic dyes methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) as well as the anionic dyes naphthol blue black (NBB) and Coomassie brilliant blue R 250 (CBB) were employed as model dyes to assess the dye removal efficiencies of the biosynthesized nanophotocatalysts under sunlight. In all cases, the mixed ZnO-SnO2(25%) NP photocatalyst showed much better photocatalytic activity than individual photocatalysts. The degradation percent of dyes using ZnO-SnO2(25%) NPs ranged between 92.2% and 98%. The efficient photocatalytic activity of ZnO-SnO2(25%) NPs is attributed to the effective charge separation and reduced electron/hole recombination rate. The kinetic study results conformed to a pseudo first-order reaction rationalized in terms of the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. Furthermore, the results showed that the ZnO-SnO2(25%) NP photocatalyst is highly stable and could be recycled several times without a noticeable reduction in its catalytic activity towards dye removal.

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Kinetics and Mechanism of Aniline and Chloroanilines Degradation Photocatalyzed by Halloysite-TiO2 and Halloysite-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

Green synthesis and characterization of Ni_0.25Zn_0.75Fe₂O₄magnetic nanoparticles and study of their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of aniline

Green Synthesis of Mixed ZnO-SnO2 Nanoparticles for Solar-Assisted Degradation of Synthetic Dyes

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Kinetics and Mechanism of Aniline and Chloroanilines Degradation Photocatalyzed by Halloysite-TiO2 and Halloysite-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

Effect of phenol concentration on the photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticles

Green synthesis and characterization of Ni0.25Zn0.75Fe2O4magnetic nanoparticles and study of their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of aniline

Green Synthesis of Mixed ZnO-SnO2 Nanoparticles for Solar-Assisted Degradation of Synthetic Dyes

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Green synthesis and characterization of Ni_0.25Zn_0.75Fe₂O₄magnetic nanoparticles and study of their photocatalytic activity in the degradation of aniline