Kinetics and mechanism of autocatalyzed reaction between Phenyl Hydrazine and Toluidine blue in aqueous solution

Jonnalagadda, Sreekantha B.; Nattar, K.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4601(1999)31:2<83::aid-kin1>3.0.co;2-6

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

1999

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4601(1999)31:2<83::aid-kin1>3.0.co;2-6

|View full text |Cite

Kinetics and mechanism of autocatalyzed reaction between Phenyl Hydrazine and Toluidine blue in aqueous solution

Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda

K. Nattar

Abstract: The kinetics and mechanism of reduction of aqueous toluidine blue by ϩ (TB ) phenyl hydrazine (Pz), which exhibits nonlinear behavior, is studied spectrophotometrically at Typical kinetic curves exhibited autocatalytic characteristics.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

1999

2024

Publication Types

Select...

Article3

Relationship

Self Cite1

Independent2

Authors

Journals

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Cu(II) catalyzed reaction between phenyl hydrazine and toluidine blue?dual role of acid

Jonnalagadda

Nattar

1999

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The detailed kinetics of Cu(II) catalyzed reduction of toluidine blue (TB ϩ ) by phenyl hydrazine (Pz) in aqueous solution is studied. Toluidine white (TBH) and the diazonium ions are the main products of the reaction. The diazonium ion further decomposes to phenol (PhOH) and nitrogen. At low concentrations of acid, H ϩ ion autocatalyzes the uncatalyzed reaction and hampers the Cu(II) catalyzed reaction. At high concentrations, H ϩ hinders both the uncatalyzed and Cu(II) catalyzed reactions. Cu(II) catalyzed had stoichiometry similar to the uncatalyzed reaction, Cu(II) catalyzed2 2 reaction occurs possibly through ternary complex formation between the unprotonated toluidine blue and phenyl hydrazine and catalyst. The rate coefficient for the Cu(II) catalyzed reaction is A detailed 13-step mechanistic scheme for the Cu(II) catalyzed 4 Ϫ2 Ϫ12.1 ϫ 10 M s . reaction is proposed, which is supported by simulations.

show abstract

Cu(II) catalyzed reaction between phenyl hydrazine and toluidine blue?dual role of acid

Jonnalagadda

Nattar

1999

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Spontaneous hydrolysis of ethyl formate: Isobaric activation parameters

Mata‐Segreda

2000

Int J Chem Kinet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethyl formate undergoes spontaneous autocatalytic hydrolysis via water catalyzed (neutral), as well as hydrogen-ion catalyzed mechanisms. The activation parameters for the neutral reaction are ⌬H ‡ ϭ 91 Ϯ 8 kJ/mol and ⌬S ‡ ϭ Ϫ48 Ϯ 8 J K Ϫ1/mol. This result is in contrast to the values reported in the hydrolyses of the more polar activated haloesters. The specific rate of neutral hydrolysis of ethyl acetate can also be predicted.

show abstract

Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Umoru,

Lawal,

Babatunde

et al. 2024

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The degradation of tolonium chloride (TC+) dye by phosphate ion (PO43-) in an aqueous acidic solution was studied using spectrophotometric analysis at 301 K, I= 1.0 M, [TC+]= 1.5 × 10-5 M, [H+]= 1.0×10-3 M, and ʎmax 600 nm. To determine the potency and rate of the reactant species, an aqueous acidic medium was employed. The reaction's direction and tendency were predicted using a thermodynamic analysis at an interval of 5.0 K and a temperature range of 301-321 K. Without the presence of intermediate complex/free atoms formation, a reaction that produced phenyl sulphoxide, phenylamine, and HPO32- as products of the reaction was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:1 for both reactants. First-order tolonium chloride reactivity was found in the reaction and first-order for the phosphate ion, resulting in a second-order reaction overall. The reaction process accelerated as the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose. The response time decreased with an increase in ionic strength concentration and added Ca2+ and Cl- did catalyze the reaction positively. A straight line that went through the origin was produced by plotting 1/ko vs PO43- concentration. The spectroscopic analysis showed no discernible shift from λmax of 600 nm. Additionally, an increase in temperature accelerated the reaction process. The reaction has a negative free energy change, G (-3.13–1.12 KJ/mol) which indicates that it is spontaneous and that the reactants have more free energy than that of the products. While the enthalpy of activation, H is positive and indicates that the reaction was endothermic and followed an associative path, the entropy of activation, S, is also negative (-7.45–1.10 KJ/mol), indicating that the reaction is less disordered. Due to the added ions catalysis and absence of free atoms during the course of the reaction, an outer-sphere mechanism was suggested for the reaction.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Kinetics and mechanism of autocatalyzed reaction between Phenyl Hydrazine and Toluidine blue in aqueous solution

Abstract: The kinetics and mechanism of reduction of aqueous toluidine blue by ϩ (TB ) phenyl hydrazine (Pz), which exhibits nonlinear behavior, is studied spectrophotometrically at Typical kinetic curves exhibited autocatalytic characteristics.

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Cu(II) catalyzed reaction between phenyl hydrazine and toluidine blue?dual role of acid

Cu(II) catalyzed reaction between phenyl hydrazine and toluidine blue?dual role of acid

Spontaneous hydrolysis of ethyl formate: Isobaric activation parameters

Degradation of Tolonium Chloride Dye by Phosphate Ion in Aqueous Acidic Solution: Kinetic Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About