Kinetics and Mechanism of Degradation of Aqueous Promecarb Insecticide Studied by UV Spectrophotometry and HPLC

Abstract

The present paper deals with the degradation mechanism of the insecticide promecarb, or 3-isopropyl-5-methylphenyl- N-methylcarbamate, in aqueous media. The reaction kinetics have been investigated using UV spectrophotometry and reversed phase HPLC. The determination of 3-isopropyl-5-methylphenol as the main product of promecarb hydrolysis gives evidence for the significant reactivity of this insecticide in alkaline solution. The rate constants were determined following a proposed first-order kinetic model. The positive activation entropy obtained Δ S≠ = +66.82 J mol−1 K−1 and the absence of general basic catalysis indicates an E1cB mechanism involving unimolecular collapse of the promecarb via a methylisocyanate intermediate. These results were confirmed by the fact that promecarb fits well into Brønsted and Hammett plots obtained for a series of substituted N-methylcarbamates for which the decomposition in aqueous media was established to follow an E1cB mechanism.