Kinetics and mechanism of thermal decomposition of magnesium perchlorate catalysed by metal metavanadate additives

Recent Development about the Use of Pyrocarbonates as Activator in Organic Synthesis: A Review

“…However, recently Long asserted that the scarce consideration of perchlorates in commercial processes was due to "the mistaken association of perchlorate salts with the oxidizing potential of perchloric acid and the pyrotechnic performances of ammonium perchlorate" [11]. Actually, perchlorate salts are dangerous only if heated over their decomposition temperature (300-500 °C) [12] in the presence of oxidizable materials or under highly acidic conditions. Therefore perchlorates can be used without particular cautions.…”

“…In fact, t-BuO can undergo proton exchange with the 11 to form the isocyanate (12) after formal elimination of tertbutanol. Intermediate 12 can further react with the starting amine (7) or, alternatively, with Boc 2 O (3) to afford urea derivative (13) or N,N-di-Boc derivative (14), respectively.…”

Perchloric Acid and Its Salts: Very Powerful Catalysts in Organic Chemistry

“…14 In conclusion, commercially available perchloric acid solutions are stable if stored properly and away from organic or flammable materials, best inside secondary containment; dilution of perchloric acid must be done by adding acid to water not the reverse; perchloric acid waste must not be mixed with any other waste; fume hoods for perchloric acid require particular materials and construction and a vapor trap apparatus. 19 Lithium and magnesium perchlorates are dangerous if heated over their decomposition temperatures (300-500 °C) 14,20 in the presence of oxidizable materials or under highly acidic conditions. Actually, they can be dried at 160 °C without any accident.…”

Taking Up the Cudgels for Perchlorates: Uses and Applications in Organic Reactions under Mild Conditions

“…(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007) that the rarity of consideration of perchlorates in commercial processes was due to "the mistaken association of lithium perchlorate with the oxidizing potential of perchloric acid and the pyrotechnic performances of ammonium perchlorate". Lithium and magnesium perchlorates are dangerous if heated over their decomposition temperatures (300-500°C) [6,7] in the presence of oxidizable materials or under highly acidic conditions. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) ranks magnesium perchlorate as barely hazardous for health and as an oxidizing product, but not as an explosive one, unlike perchloric acid and ammonium perchlorate.…”