Kinetics and mechanisms of leaching of rare earth elements from secondary resources

Brahim, Jamal Ait; Hak, Sara Ait; Achiou, Brahim; Boulif, Rachid; Beniazza, Rédouane; Benhida, Rachid

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107351

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Specifically, at the microscale, reagent transport is controlled by the local chemical and morphological variations of the ash matrix that have not been accounted for in previous bulk-scale experiments. 37,38 To develop economically and ecologically feasible extraction methods, a fundamental understanding of the processes dictating the recovery of REEs is required.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) ,− but fail to resolve the fundamental coupling between microscale properties of fly ash, the accessibility of reagents to the REEs, and the reactive transport mechanisms dictating REE extraction. Specifically, at the microscale, reagent transport is controlled by the local chemical and morphological variations of the ash matrix that have not been accounted for in previous bulk-scale experiments. , To develop economically and ecologically feasible extraction methods, a fundamental understanding of the processes dictating the recovery of REEs is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Ashes to Riches: Microscale Phenomena Controlling Rare Earths Recovery from Coal Fly Ash

Gerardo

Davletshin

Loewy

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Coal fly ash is an alternative source of rare earth elements (REEs), which are critical in modern energy and electronic technologies. Current hydrometallurgical processes, however, yield variable recovery rates because of the limited understanding of the microscale phenomena controlling the extraction of REEs from fly ash. This work investigates the microscale processes that dictate the recovery of REEs from ash particulates via a spatiochemical analysis. We find that REE-bearing minerals are hosted in three modes with distinct recovery mechanisms: (i) REEs encapsulated in dense particles are recovered via the cation exchange between matrix metals (Al, Ca, Mg, etc.) and solution cations, (ii) REEs within permeable particles are recovered via intraparticle pore-scale fluid flow, and (iii) discrete and surface-bound REE-bearing minerals are recovered via direct exposure to reagents. The role of metal content and the limiting transport mechanisms are further probed for dense particles, the predominant mode of occurrence. This study highlights, for the first time, how the morphology and the elemental makeup of the ash matrix play a critical role in the accessibility of REEs, furthering the knowledge base required for the design of cost-effective and environmentally benign REEs recovery techniques.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Ashes to Riches: Microscale Phenomena Controlling Rare Earths Recovery from Coal Fly Ash

Gerardo

Davletshin

Loewy

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The increase in acid volume significantly increases the leaching efficiency since it provides better suspension of the solid which enhances the phases contact at the liquid boundary layer. 35 Fig. S2a † displays the effect of S/L ratio using MSA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be done by considering the PG particle as spherical with a constant size (eqn ( 7)-( 10)). 35 Chemical reaction-controlled model:…”

Section: Kinetics and Mechanisms Of Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient leaching process of rare earth, alkali and alkaline earth metals from phosphogypsum based on methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as green & eco-friendly lixiviant

et al. 2022

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“…Chemical stabilisation of soil is beneficial for leaching of the environmentally toxic elements. Examples of leaching from the stabilised soils include immobilisation of heavy metals [17,18], rare earth elements [19,20], or removing environmentally dangerous pollutants [21]. By stabilising organic soils with supplementary cementitious material, such as high carbon fly ashes, such treatment helps improving the geotechnical characteristics, performance and environmental properties of soil [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil Stabilised by Portland Cement and Slag Bremen

Lindh

Lemenkova

2022

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Leaching behaviour is an important evidence of soil quality. The assessment of leaching of heavy metals from the contaminated soil is vital for environmental applications. However, leaching may differ in soil stabilised by various ratios of binders. In this study we measured leaching behaviour of soil contaminated by As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, methyl Hg, aliphatic compounds of hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). To evaluate leaching of these substances we tested the effects of changed amount of binder (120 kg and 150 kg) and binder ratios (70/30 %, 50/50 % and 30/70 %) added to soil samples. Soil was dredged from several stations in Ostrand area, SCA Sundsvall Ortvikens Pappersbruk. The results demonstrated a systematically decreasing leaching with the increased slag. The contribution of this research include: (i) devising systematic approach to extract information on leaching from stabilised soil collected from the coastal area of Bothnian Bay, (ii) developing a workflow for stabilising soils by various combination of Portland cement Basement CEM II/A-V (SS EN 197-1) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), Bremen type (SS EN 15167-1), (iii) determining water ratio and density for the untreated and stabilised soil and performing comparative analysis, (iv) evaluating chemical content of pollutants and toxic elements in the aggregated soil samples. Treatment of the contaminated soil by binders improved its parameters by the increased strength and decreased leaching of heavy metals and toxic elements.

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Kinetics and mechanisms of leaching of rare earth elements from secondary resources

Cited by 45 publications

References 118 publications

From Ashes to Riches: Microscale Phenomena Controlling Rare Earths Recovery from Coal Fly Ash

From Ashes to Riches: Microscale Phenomena Controlling Rare Earths Recovery from Coal Fly Ash

Efficient leaching process of rare earth, alkali and alkaline earth metals from phosphogypsum based on methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as green & eco-friendly lixiviant

Leaching of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil Stabilised by Portland Cement and Slag Bremen

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