Kinetics and thermal characterization of thermoset cure

Kamal, Musa R.; Sourour, S.

doi:10.1002/pen.760130110

Cited by 963 publications

(550 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The delaying effects of the CNFs are mainly reflected on the rate constant K which decreases with the amount of carbon nanofibres. The overall order of reaction m+n, is close to 2 as typically reported for phenomenological models of thermosets curing [1,3,46] and remains practically constant with negligible changes with the CNFs content. Figure 7 17…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of carbon nanofibers on the cure kinetics of unsaturated polyester resin: Thermal and chemorheological modelling

Monti

Puglia

Natali

et al. 2011

Composites Science and Technology

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Please cite this article as: Monti, M., Puglia, D., Natali, M., Torre, L., Kenny, J.M., Effect of carbon nanofibers on the cure kinetics of unsaturated polyester resin: thermal and chemorheological modelling, Composites Science and Technology (2011), doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractWe report the study of the effects of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on the cure kinetics and on the chemorheology of unsaturated polyester resins (UP). Two main experimental techniques were utilized: differential scanning calorimetry and rheometry. Isothermal and dynamic tests were performed on the neat polyester resin and on two nanocomposite systems, with 0.5 and 1.0 wt% of CNFs. Furthermore, a TGA study of the selected systems at different isothermal temperatures was performed to evaluate the styrene consumption and related loss rate during the curing process. Subsequently, a phenomenological model (autocatalytic approach) was applied to the experimental data, both in isothermal and dynamic conditions. In the case of dynamic curing, the evidence of multiple peaks in the heat flow curves was studied through the deconvolution of the overall reaction thermogram in single reaction steps. An empirical rheological model coupled with the reaction kinetics was successfully applied to simulate the viscosity changes of the UP matrix. Experimental and modelling results demonstrate the presence of a delay effect of the CNFs on the cure of the UP resin matrix.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Effect of carbon nanofibers on the cure kinetics of unsaturated polyester resin: Thermal and chemorheological modelling

Monti

Puglia

Natali

et al. 2011

Composites Science and Technology

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“…[5] Using Equation (20a) and (20b) the reactions are characterized by nearly the same E a values which is predictable as they both proceed through the same type of epoxy-hydroxyl-amine transition complex.…”

Section: Kinetic Parametersmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Research in this field is encouraged by the flexibility of mechanistic models. In contrast, phenomenological models [5][6][7] are limited to conditions (initial formulation, temperature, conversion range) that are similar to conditions from which they are derived.…”

Section: Full Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Cure of an Epoxy‐Amine Resin with Bisphenol A as an External Catalyst

Perrin

Nguyen

Vernet

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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The cure kinetics of a DGEBF/DGEBA mixture with a commercial aliphatic amine mixture [poly(propylene) oxide diamine D230 and diethylene triamine (DETA)] was investigated by DSC. Two types of kinetic models based upon the formation of amine‐epoxy‐hydroxyl transition complex without or with fast pre‐equilibria have been tested and discussed. The mechanistic model with pre‐equilibria was based on the existence of two different epoxy‐hydroxyl complexes namely one involving hydroxyl groups of BPA and the other, the hydroxyl groups of polymer chains. All the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated and discussed. The results show that the mechanistic model with pre‐equilibria determined from isothermal cure provide a more reasonable fitting of the polymerization kinetics under programmed heating‐rate modes than Horie's model. Moreover, the former kinetic model allows the prediction of changes in the BPA content of the initial formulation with good accuracy.magnified image

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“…, for k=1,2 , the fluid flow speed uk and the fluid pressure pk satisfy Stokes law of viscous flows for viscosity ~~ [8] for a justification). Note that the function a is defined only in domain S~i (t), and a function of pseudo-concentration S (see [1]) such that {(t, y) E TI / S(t, y) = 1 } will be used as characteristic of domain and ~ (t, y) E II / S(t, y) = 0~ of domain !12(t).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%