Kinetics modeling of the reaction for an Epoxy/PMMA/MMT ternary system

Abstract

Abstract:The effect of thermoplastic PMMA and clay Cloisite 30B addition on the cure kinetics of an epoxy/amine thermosetting system was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and modelled using a single kinetic model. For obtaining a good agreement between the experimental results and theoretical modeling, it was necessary to separate the ternary system in two formulations: matrix/PMMA and matrix/clay systems. It appeared that the addition of PMMA delays the reaction up to the phase separation phenomenon due to a dilution effect of the reactive species. In opposition, the presence of clays accelerates the reaction (probably due to a catalytic effect of some metals ions introduced with the clay) but it has no sensitive effect on the cloud point conversion in the presence of PMMA. The modeling results are in good agreement with those experimentally obtained.

Influence of processing conditions and physicochemical interactions on morphology and fracture behavior of a clay/thermoplastic/thermosetting ternary blend

“…In most cases, stiffness was the result of balancing the ratio of soft and hard fillers, and toughness was improved via multiple cracks and crack bifurcation mechanisms. Thermoplastics undergoing RIPS as PMMA were also used, leading to significant improvements in toughness 18, 19. Not only rubbers but also TPs can have a toughening effect at room temperature, mainly by crack bridging and crack pinning mechanisms3, 4…”

Synergistic effects of thermoplastic and nanoclay on the performance properties and morphology of epoxy resin

“…It was shown that melt‐blended ternary epoxy composites exhibited higher fracture toughness parameter (K C ) values in comparison with those prepared by ultrasonic mixing. The same authors studied the addition of thermoplastic (PMMA) and montmorillonite (Cloisite 30B) modifiers on the cure kinetics of an epoxy resin cured with amine using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) . It was confirmed that the addition of PMMA delays the reaction up to the phase separation phenomenon due to a dilution effect of the reactive species.…”

Microwave curing of initially compatible epoxy–poly(ethylene terephthalate) blends: DSC kinetic study and nano-structure analysis☆

“…The brittle fracture and low impact strength are the disadvantages of epoxies. The addition of initially soluble TP is consciously used to improve the toughness of epoxy materials [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The cited references comment DGEBA modified ER having weight average molecular mass, M w , within the range 340-390 kg kmol À1 .…”

“…These groups are capable of interacting with the end groups of PET through hydrogen bonding. On the other hand, DGEBA are good solvents of other TPs having different chemical formulas, e.g., polystyrene, PS [13], polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA [14], polyvinyl methylether, PVME [15], polyether imide, PEI [16], polyether sulphone PES [17] and others, see [10][11][12] and references herein. It can be assumed that hydrogen bonding is the probable reason that causes solubility of TP in DGEBA.…”