Kinetics of Austenite Phase Transformations in Newly-Developed 0.17C-2Mn-1Si-0.2Mo Forging Steel with Ti and V Microadditions

Morawiec, Mateusz; Wojtacha, Anna; Opiela, M.

doi:10.3390/ma14071698

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For example, Figure 6 shows the structures of the test steel revealed after the continuous compression of the samples at a temperature of 1100 °C with the rate of 1 s −1 . The samples of the tested steel, hardened in water after deformation with a value of 0.2 and 0.69, showed a martensitic structure with a slight indication of retained austenite, the presence of which was confirmed by the authors in previous works [ 39 , 40 ]. As expected, the deformed samples with a higher degree of deformation showed greater fragmentation of the structure ( Figure 6 b,d).…”

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confidence: 79%

Hot Working Behavior in Multiphase Steel with Ti and V

Wojtacha

Opiela

2022

Materials

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This study investigated the effect of hot working conditions on changes in yield stress and the softening degree in the newly developed multiphase steel with Ti and V microadditions. The research was performed on the GLEEBLE 3800 thermomechanical simulator. In order to determine the σ-ε curves, continuous compression tests were carried out. The samples were plastically deformed at temperatures from 900 °C to 1100 °C at the rate of 0.1 s−1, 1 s−1 and 10 s−1. The activation energy of the plastic deformation was 375 kJ·mol−1. The analysis of the shape and course of the curves indicated that the decrease in strain hardening was mainly the result of the continuous dynamic recrystallization process. Two-stage compression with isothermal holding of the samples was also carried out between the two stages of deformation lasting from 1 s to 50 s. The structure of primary austenite was generated using the ARPGE software. The different size of austenite grain is the result of various thermally activated processes—when increasing the strain rate from 0.1 s−1 to 10 s−1, the average grain size of the primary austenite decreases from approx. 16 µm to approx. 6 µm. The time t0.5 needed to form 50% of the austenite fraction recrystallized at 1100 °C is approx. 4 s and extends to approx. 10 s with the reduction in the plastic deformation temperature to 900 °C. The time of complete austenite recrystallization tR, which varies from approx. 50 s to approx. 90 s in the tested temperature range, lengthens even more. The obtained results make it possible to develop thermomechanical treatment technology for the production of forgings from the tested multiphase steel.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Hot Working Behavior in Multiphase Steel with Ti and V

Wojtacha

Opiela

2022

Materials

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“…Retained austenite was revealed by etching the sample with Klemm's reagent staining it white. The presence of this phase was confirmed by the authors in [16,18]. As expected, the deformed samples with a higher degree of deformation show greater fragmentation of the structure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

hot plastic deformation behavior of new-developed multi-phase steel

Wojtacha

Opiela

2022

METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings

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The paper presents the results of the effect of deformation parameters on the hot-deformation behavior of the newly developed multi-phase steel assigned for production of forged machine parts. Continuous and interrupted compression tests of the samples after the given deformation were carried out with the use of the Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator. The samples were tested in the temperature range from 900°C to 1100°C at the rate of 0.1s -1 and 1s -1 . Basing on the analysis of the form and the course of curves obtained in the compression test, it was found that in the studied range of parameters of hot plastic deformation, the decrease of strain hardening of studied steel is caused by the process of dynamic recrystallization. This is also confirmed by calculation results of activation energy of plastic deformation process. Executed hot compression tests will contribute to establishing conditions of forging of newly developed multi-phase steel with the method of thermo-mechanical treatment.

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Phase transitions in medium-Mn alloy: thermodynamic simulation and experimental verification

Skowronek,

Kozłowska

2024

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The present work explores a design process of new medium-Mn alloy for forgings and its heat treatment optimization by thermodynamic simulations and experimental approach. The selection of specific chemical composition was performed on the basis of thermodynamic simulation for alloys with different additions of Mn and Al. The aim was to design an alloy allowing for production of at least 25% retained austenite in an intercritical annealing process, without deteriorating technological properties and economic indicators. Next simulations of intercritical annealing in a temperature range between 600 and 1000 °C, and their experimental verification were performed. For the thermodynamical simulations of different chemical compositions of steel and its intercritical annealing in a wide temperature range the JMatPro software was used. To verify the characteristic temperatures of steel such as Ac1, Ac3 and Ms, and for experimental investigation of intercritical annealing in a temperature range from 660 to 740 °C dilatometry was used. Obtained microstructures were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It was observed that with an initial increase in soaking temperature a fraction of retained austenite increases; however, its stability decreases, which leads to formation of large martensite fraction during cooling after soaking at high temperatures. The results of thermodynamic simulations and experimental tests showed the moderate agreement. Large differences were revealed for Ac1, Ms temperatures and the amount of retained austenite obtained at a given annealing temperature. The results clearly indicate that at the moment of software development and available databases for novel medium-Mn steels, simulations of their heat treatment can only be used to estimate results and be a guide for experimental research. However, they cannot be used to optimize heat treatment.

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Kinetics of Austenite Phase Transformations in Newly-Developed 0.17C-2Mn-1Si-0.2Mo Forging Steel with Ti and V Microadditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Hot Working Behavior in Multiphase Steel with Ti and V

Hot Working Behavior in Multiphase Steel with Ti and V

hot plastic deformation behavior of new-developed multi-phase steel

Phase transitions in medium-Mn alloy: thermodynamic simulation and experimental verification

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