Kinetics of Chlorophyll Accumulation and Formation of Chlorophyll-Protein Complexes during Greening of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y</i>-1 at 38°C

Maloney, Margaret A.; Hoober, J. Kenneth; Marks, Dawn B.

doi:10.1104/pp.91.3.1100

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Therefore, LHCII appears to be needed for activation of CAO and͞or for providing an initial binding niche for chlorophyll b. The requirement of LHCII for the high activity of CAD provides an explanation for the specific association of chlorophyll b with LHC in plants and for the requirement of LHC for chlorophyll b accumulation (6,26). As LHCII is not stable in Synechocystis thylakoids, chlorophyll b may become available as LHCII degrades and may be incorporated into newly synthesized PS II core complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll b can serve as the major pigment in functional photosystem II complexes of cyanobacteria

Vavilin

Vermaas

2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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An Arabidopsis thaliana chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase gene (cao), which is responsible for chlorophyll b synthesis from chlorophyll a, was introduced and expressed in a photosystem I-less strain of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. In this strain, most chlorophyll is associated with the photosystem II complex. However, when lhcb encoding light-harvesting complex (LHC)II from pea was present in the same strain (lhcb ؉ ͞cao ؉ ), chlorophyll b accumulated in the cell to levels exceeding those of chlorophyll a, although LHCII did not accumulate. In the lhcb ؉ ͞cao ؉ strain, the total amount of chlorophyll, the number of chlorophylls per photosystem II center, and the oxygen-evolving activity on a perchlorophyll basis were similar to those in the photosystem I-less strain. Furthermore, the chlorophyll a͞b ratio of photosystem II core particles (retaining CP47 and CP43) and of whole cells of the lhcb ؉ ͞cao ؉ strain was essentially identical, and PS II activity could be obtained efficiently by chlorophyll b excitation. These data indicate that chlorophyll b functionally substitutes for chlorophyll a in photosystem II. Therefore, the availability of chlorophylls, rather than their binding specificity, may determine which chlorophyll is incorporated at many positions of photosystem II. We propose that the transient presence of a LHCII͞chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase complex in the lhcb ؉ ͞cao ؉ strain leads to a high abundance of available chlorophyll b that is subsequently incorporated into photosystem II complexes. The apparent LHCII requirement for high chlorophyll(ide) a oxygenase activity may be instrumental to limit the occurrence of chlorophyll b in plants to LHC proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll b can serve as the major pigment in functional photosystem II complexes of cyanobacteria

Vavilin

Vermaas

2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Each product was purified by reverse-phase HPLC and checked for purity and correct molecular weight by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization timeof-flight mass spectrometry. Chl was extracted with acetone from lightgrown C. reinhardtii cw15 cells, and Chl a was purified by HPLC on a semipreparative ODS-C 18 reverse-phase column eluted at room temperature with 100% methanol as described previously (15). Fractions were evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen and Chl was dissolved in a small volume of ethanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll Binding to Peptide Maquettes Containing a Retention Motif

Eggink

Hoober

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The motif Glu-X-X-His/Asn-X-Arg is conserved in the first and third membrane-spanning domains of all lightharvesting chlorophyll a/b-and a/c-binding proteins in chloroplasts. Molecular modeling of synthetic peptides containing the sequence Glu-Ile-Val-His-Ser-Arg, a motif found in the apoprotein of the major light-harvesting complex in plants, generated a loop structure formed by intrapeptide, electrostatic attraction between Glu and Arg. His, Asn, and charge-compensated Glu-Arg pairs are known ligands of the magnesium atom in chlorophyll. The prediction that this structure should bind two molecules of chlorophyll was confirmed experimentally with an assay based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer between peptides and chlorophyll a. Motifs with both potential ligands bound approximately two times the amount of chlorophyll as one in which His was replaced by Ala. These results support the conclusion that formation of this intermediate, within membranes of the envelope, is a crucial step in assembly of lightharvesting complexes and a mechanism that regulates import of the apoproteins into the chloroplast.

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“…Strain cw-15 was kindly provided from the Chlamydomonas Genetics Center, Duke University, by Dr. Elizabeth H. Harris. Greening experiments were performed as described previously (20 …”

Section: Materials and Methods Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…they "green," when exposed to light. Essentially all Chl b and an equivalent amount of Chl a (about half of the total Chl a) are incorporated into LHCs2 in association with LHCPs (13,20). Each LHCP molecule binds 11 to 15 Chl molecules and several xanthophylls (1,23,27).…”

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Origin of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at 38°C

Jk¹,

Co²,

Lg³

1991

Plant Physiol.

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The origin of thylakoid membranes was studied in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 cells during greening at 380C. Previous studies showed that, when dark-grown cells are exposed to light under these conditions, the initial rates of accumulation of chlorophyll and the chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins in membranes are maximal (MA Maloney JK Hoober, DB Marks [1989] Plant Physiol 91: 1100-1106; JK Hoober MA Maloney, LR Asbury, DB Marks [1990] Plant Physiol 92: 419-426). As shown in this paper, photosystem 11 activity, which was nearly absent in dark-grown cells, also increased at a linear rate in parallel with chlorophyll. As compared with those made at 250C, photosystem 11 units assembled during greening at 380C were photochemically more efficient, as judged by saturation at a lower fluence of light and a negligible loss of excitation energy as fluorescence. Electron microscopy of cells in light for 5 or 15 minutes at 380C showed that these initial, functional thylakoid membranes developed in association with the chloroplast envelope.

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Kinetics of Chlorophyll Accumulation and Formation of Chlorophyll-Protein Complexes during Greening of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at 38°C

Abstract: The initial kinetics of accumulation of chlorophylls (Chi) were analyzed during optimal greening of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at 380C. Acetate was required for maximal synthesis of Chi, which occurred at a linear rate when degreened cells were exposed to light. 38°C (14).

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Chlorophyll b can serve as the major pigment in functional photosystem II complexes of cyanobacteria

Chlorophyll b can serve as the major pigment in functional photosystem II complexes of cyanobacteria

Chlorophyll Binding to Peptide Maquettes Containing a Retention Motif

Origin of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii y-1 at 38°C

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