Kinetics of Combustion Synthesis in the Ti‐C and Ti‐C‐Ni Systems

D, Dunmead, Stephen; Readey, Dennis W.; Semler, C. E.; Hol, J. Birch

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06083.x

Cited by 161 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…TiC and Ni are thermodynamically stable phases, although no Ni-Ti or Ni-Ti-C compounds were detected using X-ray diffraction analysis. Dunmead et al [26], Zhang et al [27], and Han et al [28] found that the final products were TiC and unreacted Ni for the Ti-C-Ni system. Wong et al [29] observed the Ni-Ti compounds (Ni 3 Ti or NiTi) using time-resolved X-ray diffraction on a Ti-C-25Ni reactant mixture.…”

Section: Phase Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Thermal Fatigue Behaviors of TiC/Ni Composite Coating by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis in Molten Aluminum Alloy

et al. 2017

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TiC/Ni composite coatings on H13 steel plates were fabricated in situ by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and combined with a pseudo-heat isostatic press. The microstructure of the coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The microhardness, corrosion, and thermal fatigue behaviors of the coating were investigated by a microhardness test, immersion test, and thermal fatigue test, respectively. The results showed that the in situ coating consisted of TiC and Ni binder phases. Spheroidal TiC particles were enveloped by a nearly continuous Ni binder phase. Coating showed good metallurgical bonding in the interface. The corrosive mechanism of the coating surface in molten aluminum alloy involves the Ni binder phase being etched by aluminum to form AlNi 3 and the oxidization of the TiC-reinforced phase. The corrosive mechanism that occurred at the front of the corrosion involves the Ni binder phase of the coating being etched by aluminum to form AlNi 3 , while the TiC skeleton still maintains the original organizational structure. Hot fatigue cracks began at the defective tips of the coating and propagated in the TiC-reinforced phase. The crack is a trans-granular fracture, which is the result of brittle rupture.

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Section: Phase Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and Thermal Fatigue Behaviors of TiC/Ni Composite Coating by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis in Molten Aluminum Alloy

et al. 2017

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“…Clearly, the synthesized TiCx phases in all the samples are substoichiometric (i.e., x < 1) with the maximum stoichiometry (x) of 0.82 ± 0.01 appearing at C/Ti = 1.0 in the reactants, and the stoichiometry in the products deviates considerably from that in the reactants. It has been reported that the SHS reaction to form TiCx from Ti and C is controlled by carbon diffusion through liquid or solid TiCx , 7) and the formation of substoichiometric TiCx is more favorable than a stoichiometric one. 8) Because of the large temperature gradient (10 2 -10 3°C /mm) and short reaction time (on the order of a few seconds) of the Ti-C combustion reaction, the stoichiometric TiC was difficult to form.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of reactant C/Ti ratio on the stoichiometry of Combustion-synthesized TiCx in Ti-C system

Zou

Jin

Shen

et al. 2009

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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In this study, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of the powder compact consisting of titanium and graphite was used to synthesize titanium carbide (TiCx). The relationship between the C/Ti ratio in the reactants and the stoichiometry of the resultant TiCx phase was investigated. The result showed that when the molar ratio of C to Ti in the reactants increased from 0.6 to 1.2, the stoichiometry of the resultant TiCx phase first increased and then decreased with the maximum value appearing at C/Ti = 1.0, so did the change in the maximum combustion temperature; Furthermore, with an increase in the particle size of graphite, the maximum combustion temperature and the stoichiometry of the resultant TiCx phase decreased. Consequently, the maximum combustion temperature might play a dominating role in determining the final composition of the TiCx phase.

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“…Combustion synthesis in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) has been a promising alternative, which takes advantage of highly exothermic reactions, and hence, has merits of low energy requirement, short processing time, simplicity, and high-purity products [10][11][12]. A number of borides and carbides of transition metals (mostly the groups IVb and Vb) have been produced by the SHS process from the elemental powder compacts of their corresponding stoichiometries [13][14][15][16][17]. Due to the low reaction enthalpy, however, solid state combustion between the transition metals of the group-VIb (Cr, Mo, and W) and boron or carbon is not feasible [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Synthesis of UHTC Composites from Ti–B4C Solid State Reaction with Addition of VIb Transition Metals

Yeh

Lin

2017

Coatings

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UHTC composites were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) from the Ti-B 4 C reaction system with addition of Cr, Mo, and W. The starting sample composition was formulated as (3−x)Ti + B 4 C + xMe with x = 0.1-1.0 and Me = Cr, Mo, or W. For all samples conducted in this study, self-sustaining combustion was well established and propagated with a distinct reaction front. With no addition of Cr, Mo, or W, solid state combustion of the 3Ti + B 4 C sample featuring a combustion front temperature (T c ) of 1766 • C and a combustion wave velocity (V f ) of 16.5 mm/s was highly exothermic and produced an in situ composite of 2TiB 2 + TiC. When Cr, Mo, or W was adopted to replace a portion of Ti, the reaction exothermicity was lowered, and hence, a significant decrease in T c (from 1720 to 1390 • C) and V f (from 16.1 to 3.9 mm/s) was observed. With addition of Cr, Mo, and W, the final products were CrB-, MoB-, and WB-added TiB 2 -TiC composites. The absence of CrB 2 , MoB 2 , and WB 2 was attributed partly to the loss of boron from thermal decomposition of B 4 C and partly to lack of sufficient reaction time inherent to the SHS process.

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Kinetics of Combustion Synthesis in the Ti‐C and Ti‐C‐Ni Systems

Cited by 161 publications

References 29 publications

Corrosion and Thermal Fatigue Behaviors of TiC/Ni Composite Coating by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis in Molten Aluminum Alloy

Corrosion and Thermal Fatigue Behaviors of TiC/Ni Composite Coating by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis in Molten Aluminum Alloy

Effect of reactant C/Ti ratio on the stoichiometry of Combustion-synthesized TiCx in Ti-C system

Combustion Synthesis of UHTC Composites from Ti–B4C Solid State Reaction with Addition of VIb Transition Metals

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