Kinetics of cytokine and chemokine responses in patients with primary human herpesvirus 6 infection

Yoshikawa, Tetsushi; Kato, Yuri; Ihira, Masaru; Nishimura, Naoko; Ozaki, Takao; Kumagai, Toshiko; Asano, Yoshizo

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2010.09.017

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, T-cell activation by drugs and following HHV-6 reactivation may explain DILI as the main cause of liver dysfunction in the present patient and HHV-6 reactivation may merely be a coexisting pathological condition. Alternatively, HHV-6 has been shown to induce the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 (20)(21)(22). Such reactions may also explain some of the clinical manifestations previously reported (23), although the mechanisms linking HHV-6 reactivation to various symptoms remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-induced Liver Injury with HHV-6 Reactivation

et al. 2015

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Liver dysfunction was identified in a 16-year-old boy hospitalized with high fever and abdominal pain and fullness. He had received pharmacotherapy for a headache 2 months previously and other drugs for a high fever 4 days prior to being admitted to our hospital. The patient's liver dysfunction was consistent with and fulfilled the criteria for drug induced liver injury, but the laboratory findings showed elevated procalcitonin levels, hyponatremia and leukocytosis. Moreover, we confirmed the presence of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA. The patient exhibited symptoms of high fever and abdominal pain and fullness but no exanthema. The clinical and laboratory findings did not satisfy the criteria for drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, and we speculate that the diversity of clinical and laboratory findings may have resulted from HHV-6 reactivation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on drug-induced liver injury with various findings due to HHV-6 reactivation. HHV-6 reactivation should be considered in patients with drug induced liver injury even in the absence of exanthema.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-induced Liver Injury with HHV-6 Reactivation

et al. 2015

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“…Paired serum and CSF were collected from the acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion patients (defined below) at the time of admission to the hospitals (second episodes of seizure). Nineteen stored serum samples collected from days 6 to 15 (convalescent) of exanthem subitum patients from a previous study were used as control samples [Yoshikawa et al, ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine and chemokine responses in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with human herpesvirus 6B‐associated acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion

Kawamura

Yamazaki

Ohashi

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

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Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion has become increasingly common among various types of human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) encephalitis at the time of primary viral infection. The aim of the present study is to explore the pathophysiology of HHV-6B-associated acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion. Five cytokines and five chemokines were measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from 12 HHV-6B-associated acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion patients and 19 control exanthem subitum (without complications) patients. Serum interleukin (IL)-10 (P = 0.007) and IL-8 (P = 0.025) were significantly higher in the patients with the disease than controls. Serum IL-1β (P = 0.034) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (P = 0.002) were significantly higher in the controls than patients with the disease. In patients with the disease, IL-10 (P = 0.012), regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES; P = 0.001), and monokine induced by interferon γ (MIG; P = 0.001) were significantly higher in serum than CSF, meanwhile IL-6 (P = 0.034), IL-8 (P = 0.034), and MCP-1 (P = 0.001) were significantly higher in CSF than serum. Additionally, serum IL-10 was significantly higher in the disease patients with sequelae than those without sequelae (P = 0.016). Several cytokines and chemokines may be associated with the pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion. Moreover, the regulation of cytokine networks appears to be different between peripheral blood (systemic) and central nervous system.

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“…A prominent sub-population secretes IL-10 [12,47]. IL-4 and low amounts of IL-2 also are also produced [12], a profile similar to that reported in serum of children with roseola [48]. The reason for CD4+ T cell skewing and limited CD8+ T cells in expanded populations is not clear.…”

Section: T Cell Responsesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Immune response to HHV-6 and implications for immunotherapy

Becerra

Gibson

Stern

et al. 2014

Current Opinion in Virology

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Most adults remain chronically infected with HHV-6 after resolution of a primary infection in childhood, with the latent virus held in check by the immune system. Iatrogenic immunosuppression following solid organ transplantation (SOT) or hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can allow latent viruses to reactivate. HHV-6 reactivation has been associated with increased morbidity, graft rejection, and neurological complications posttransplantation. Recent work has identified HHV-6 antigens that are targeted by the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response in chronically infected adults. T cell populations recognizing these targets can be expanded in vitro and are being developed for use in autologous immunotherapy to control post-transplantation HHV-6 reaction.

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Kinetics of cytokine and chemokine responses in patients with primary human herpesvirus 6 infection

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Drug-induced Liver Injury with HHV-6 Reactivation

Drug-induced Liver Injury with HHV-6 Reactivation

Cytokine and chemokine responses in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with human herpesvirus 6B‐associated acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion

Immune response to HHV-6 and implications for immunotherapy

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