Kinetics of electrodeposition of ?-manganese dioxide

Fleischmann, M.; Thirsk, H. R.; Tordesillas, I.M.

doi:10.1039/tf9625801865

Cited by 69 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…More than 40 years ago this type of reactions had formed a basis of classical nucleation-growth concept [1,2]. During the same period the electrochemical thermodynamics of nonstoichiometric rechargeable oxides [3] had been studied for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The requirement (2) can be satisfied for majority of elements by means of an appropriate choice of solvent and supporting electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For anodic electrocrystallization, nucleation and growth phenomena in aqueous medium were studied in detail by the examples of lead dioxide [1,4 -7] and manganese dioxide [2,8,9] formation processes, despite of complications induced by parallel oxygen evolution. The latter were avoided for thallic oxide deposition [10 -13], less attractive for applications but more suitable as the model system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochromic behavior of oxotungstates fabricated by means of cathodic electrocrystallization

et al. 2005

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The requirement (2) can be satisfied for majority of elements by means of an appropriate choice of solvent and supporting electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochromic behavior of oxotungstates fabricated by means of cathodic electrocrystallization

et al. 2005

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“…This was Paper 79 presented at the New Orleans, Louisiana, Meeting of the Society, Oct. [7][8][9][10][11][12] 1984.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Study of the Deposition, Discharge, and Recharge of Manganese Dioxide Films

Ord

Huang

1985

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The galvanostatic electrodeposition of manganese dioxide films onto a platinum substrate is studied over a thickness range from 0 to 2000 nm. At the upper end of the thickness range, optical absorption causes the ellipsometer null settings to approach within 0.02 ~ of the infinite thickness limit, at which the films are indistinguishable from sub. strates. The optical extinction coefficient increases with film thickness over the range 0-50 nm, but from 50 to 160 nm the films have optical constants which are independent of thickness but which depend on the deposition current density. Beyond 160 rim, the optical data become progressively more difficult to interpret in terms of uniform isotropic or anisotropic film models. When relatively thin films (50 nm) are transferred to alkaline electrolyte and are cycled galvanostatical]y, optical changes are observed which correlate well with the electrochemical behavior for both reversible partial discharge cycles and irreversible complete discharge cycles.In a previous ellipsometric study (1), Spricis et al. found the optical properties of manganese dioxide films to be quite sensitive to the deposition conditions. The deposition was carried out using a sequence of potentiostatic pulses which enabled the process to be studied using a conventional ellipsometer, and increases in deposition potential and pulse duration were both reported to lower the extinction coefficient of the film by as much as a factor of two. For thicknesses below 40 nm, both the refractive index and the extinction coefficient were reported to vary somewhat with film thickness, and above about 70 nm the optical data were found to deviate from the theoretical curves. The thickness dependences were attributed to insular structure in the thinner films and surface roughening in the thicker films, and the extinction coefficient variation was attributed at least partially to a change in porosity.In this paper, we use an automated ellipsometer to follow the galvanostatic deposition and charge-discharge cycling of manganese dioxide films. We study deposition over a current density range of 64 for thicknesses up to 2000 nm to see whether the reported dependence on thickness and deposition rate is found also under galvanostatic conditions. In the optical analysis, we use both isotropic and anisotropic film models to see whether or not the dependence of refractive index on film thickness is an artifact resulting from isotropic analysis of an anisotropic system. The objective of the study of charge-discharge cycles in alkaline electrolyte is more to evaluate the usefulness of ellipsometry for such measurements than to provide any definitive statement about the processes involved. Ellipsometry is an effective tool for the study of homogeneous film-conversion processes, but heterogeneous processes can only be studied if the film remains stratified.This investigation forms part of our continuing study of oxidation and reduction processes which involve ionic transport through thin solid films. Included in this ...

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“…The electrodeposition of manganese dioxide from an acidic solution of Mn 2+ has been examined by a number of authors in the literature [16][17][18][19][20]. Amongst these reports, there is general agreement that the first step in the process is the oxidation of soluble Mn 2+ to soluble Mn 3+ species.…”

Section: Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (Eqcm) Study On mentioning

confidence: 96%

Mesoscale Morphological Control of Electrodeposited Manganese Dioxide Films

Gibson

Burns

Dupont

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Kinetics of electrodeposition of ?-manganese dioxide

Cited by 69 publications

References 3 publications

Electrochromic behavior of oxotungstates fabricated by means of cathodic electrocrystallization

Electrochromic behavior of oxotungstates fabricated by means of cathodic electrocrystallization

An Optical Study of the Deposition, Discharge, and Recharge of Manganese Dioxide Films

Mesoscale Morphological Control of Electrodeposited Manganese Dioxide Films

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