Kinetics of formation of nanocrystalline TiO2 II by high energy ball-milling of anatase TiO2

Formation of zirconium diboride (ZrB2) by room temperature mechanochemical reaction between ZrO2, B2O3 and Mg

“…Also present were a weak peak at 33 • due to t-ZrO 2 and a slightly stronger peak at 35.3 • which can be attributed to monoclinic m-ZrO 2 . The latter polymorph of ZrO 2 is formed by thermal transformation of the tetragonal form, this transformation may have been enhanced by the smaller crystallites formed during milling [16][17][18][19][20]. The presence of ZrO 2 indicates that the reaction to form ZrB 2 was incomplete.…”

Carbothermic reduction of anatase and rutile

“…It is shown that srilankite forms transiently in short milling times as an intermediate step in the transformation of anatase into rutile which is induced during ball milling [18][19][20][21][22]. Pure anatase has been shown to transform completely to rutile after 24 h in a planetary mill [23].…”

Mechanochemical preparation of nanocrystalline TiO2 powders and their behavior at high temperatures

“…One group of authors [8][9][10] induced the phase transition in the starting TiO 2 using a high-energy planetary ball-mill with various milling tools and different powder-to-ball weight ratios (R). These authors observed that R influenced only the rate of phase transition in TiO 2 , if other parameters were constant.…”