Kinetics of nucleation and crystallization in poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

Papageorgiou, Dimitrios G.; Zhuravlev, Evgeny; Papageorgiou, George Z.; Bikiaris, Dimitrios N.; Chrissafis, K.; Schick, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2014.11.014

Cited by 71 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Many industrial processes -film blow molding, injection molding, and extrusion-often occur under much higher cooling rates than the ones involved in common laboratory experiments, as for example in film production or microinjection molding cooling rates can be of the order of magnitude of 10.000 K/s [18]. So, FSC analysis has been used to study the crystallization behavior and the melting kinetics of polymeric crystals formed far from thermodynamic equilibrium, which readily undergo the reorganization of themselves during the examination by fast scanning rates [19][20][21][22][23]. FSC have been applied to examine polyethylene [24][25][26] at high scanning rates using sample masses in the range of 1-30 x 10 -11 Kg without significant temperature lag [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into crystallization and melting of high density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites studied by fast scanning calorimetry

et al. 2018

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Vourlias, G. (2018). Insights into crystallization and melting of high density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites studied by fast scanning calorimetry. Polymer Testing, 67,[349][350][351][352][353][354][355][356][357][358] AbstractGraphene nanoplatelets (5 wt.%) with different diameters (5 and 25 x 10 -6 m in diameter, 6 x 10 -9 m in thickness) filled high density polyethylene nanocomposites were prepared by the melt-mixing method and the effect of graphene nanoplatelets on the polymeric matrix are then investigated by X-ray diffraction, polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, fast scanning calorimetry, and rheology. Polarized light microscopy revealed that graphene nanoplatelets of 5 x 10 -6 m promote the decrease in the size of the spherical aggregates during crystallization compared to larger nanoplatelets. From rheological measurements, it was found that even though the viscosity of the nanocomposites with increasing filler diameter was increased significantly compared to the neat polymer, the processability of these 2 materials was not affected. Several melting events for neat high-density polyethylene and graphene nanocomposites were observed by fast scanning calorimetry associated with the small imperfect crystals grown at large supercooling, the nucleation efficiency and the diameter size of the filler. The activation energy values versus the relative extent of crystallization revealed that graphene nanoplatelets block the movement of the molecular segments and make crystallization difficult, especially at the final stage of the process. Based on this work, it can be concluded that the nanocomposite with the smaller diameter showed the most enhanced crystallization kinetics as graphene increased the number of nucleation sites, while the larger ones hindered the melted molecules in reaching full isotropization above the melting temperature. determined by conventional DSC (filled symbols) and FSC (open symbols)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into crystallization and melting of high density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites studied by fast scanning calorimetry

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover influence of inorganic fillers and carbon nanotubes on the nucleation and crystallization process was tested for several polymer matrixes by fast scanning calorimetry. [13,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46] It has been shown, that filler particles often act as heterogeneous nuclei and accelerate overall crystallization of the composites at high temperatures, where heterogeneous nucleation dominates. However at low temperatures, close to T g , where homogenous nucleation dominates filler particles do not influence crystallization kinetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependency of Nucleation Efficiency of Carbon Nanotubes in PET and PBT

Wurm

Herrmann

Cornelius

et al. 2015

Macromol. Mater. Eng.

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The crystallization behavior of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) filled with different amount of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) has been experimentally determined in the entire temperature range between glass transition and melting temperature. Differential fast scanning chip calorimetry, realizing cooling and heating rates of several 1 000 K Á s À1 , have been applied under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The MWCNTs act as heterogeneous nuclei for both polymers. Increasing filler content speeds up crystallization at low supercooling, where heterogeneous nucleation dominates, for more than one order of magnitude. At high supercooling (crystallization temperature below 120 8C for PET and 70 8C for PBT) crystallization kinetics is independent on MWCNT concentration. Here crystallization via homogeneous nucleation is always determining the overall crystallization kinetics and addition of nucleating agents is not effective anymore. Depending on the processing conditions these observations may be important for structure formation in PET and PBT composites. TimeTemperature PBT 0% MWCNT 5% MWCNT 0.01 s 1 s 100 s Isothermal crystallizaƟon 60°C 120°C 180°C

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“…[18,19] Optical microscopy (OM) images of neat PHB and PHB/CB compounds are presented in Figure 2. These images were captured, immediately after cooling, and 24 hours later; in the last case, samples were maintained for 24 hours at ambient temperature (25˚C).…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CB is commonly used in many moulded and extruded industrial rubber products, such as belts, hoses, gaskets, diaphragms, vibration isolation devices, bushings, and air springs. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization of PHB/Carbon black compounds. Effect of heating and cooling cycles

Wellen¹,

Canedo²,

Rabello³

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. In this work compounds of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and carbon black (CB) with CB content ranging between 0.5% and 10.0% were prepared in a laboratory internal mixer. The effect of heating and cooling rates on the crystallization of PHB/CB compounds was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and its morphology was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM). Several rates, ranging from 2 to 32°C/min, were utilized to analyze the phase change during heating/cooling/reheating cycles and several magnifications were applied during morphologic study of the spherulitic structure. The results showed that PHB a n d i t s c o m p o u n d s crystallize partially from the melt during cooling cycle and cold crystallizes partially on reheating, and that the relative amount of polymer crystallizing in each stage depends strongly on the cooling rate. The melting and cold crystallization temperatures as well as the rates of phase change were found to depend strongly o f cooling and heating rates and of CB content. CB behaves as a nucleant promoting the melt and cold crystallization of PHB as well as increasing the number of spherulites. Optical microscopy images suggest that crystallization of PHB continues during storage for 24 hours, at ambient temperature.

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Kinetics of nucleation and crystallization in poly(butylene succinate) nanocomposites

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Insights into crystallization and melting of high density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites studied by fast scanning calorimetry

Insights into crystallization and melting of high density polyethylene/graphene nanocomposites studied by fast scanning calorimetry

Temperature Dependency of Nucleation Efficiency of Carbon Nanotubes in PET and PBT

Crystallization of PHB/Carbon black compounds. Effect of heating and cooling cycles

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