Kinetics of polymerization of acrylamide in a concentrated aqueous solutions

Lipin, A. A.; Shibashov, A. V.; Lipin, A. G.

doi:10.1134/s1070427215010140

Cited by 4 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Over time at 70 °C (>50 h), a progressive formation of nordstrandite and gibbsite (consistent with the platelet morphology seen in Figure , series C) is observed by XRD, ultimately at the expense of the bayerite fraction. It has been shown that nordstrandite is a polymorph favored at basic pH (pH≥8), as is measured after 200 h of ageing, when the solubilization of the aluminum source is completed, steady‐state conditions are reached and crystallization is slow . This evolution is consistent with a phase transformation in aqueous medium within the aluminum hydroxide series toward the thermodynamically stable phases through the following sequence: bayerite (kinetic, metastable product) → nordstrandite → gibbsite (thermodynamic product), with a shift from a regime of fast solubilization of alumina to a steady‐state regime of dissolution/precipitation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Chemical Weathering of Alumina in Aqueous Suspension at Ambient Pressure: A Mechanistic Study

et al. 2017

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Transition aluminas rank among the main supports used for heterogeneous catalysis. Their stability in the aqueous phase is a key issue for catalytic processes, as their hydration can be strongly detrimental to their physicochemical and mechanical properties. As a consequence, the design of more stable alumina‐based supports relies on a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to their chemical and physical degradation. It is shown here that if suspended in water at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures up to 70 °C, all transition aluminas (from γ to θ‐Al2O3) transform into Al(OH)3 polymorphs (bayerite, gibbsite, and nordstrandite), although to different extents. A quantitative study of the aluminum concentration in solution and of the amount of hydroxides demonstrates that Al2O3 hydration occurs through a two‐step dissolution/heterogeneous precipitation process, with nucleation of Al(OH)3 on the surface of the alumina grains followed by particle growth. The grains become more fragile because of chemical weathering; the ensuing mechanical degradation by attrition, in turn, brings the weathering process to completion. The nature of the main hydroxide polymorph is a function of aluminum concentration and ageing time: first the kinetic product, bayerite, then nordstrandite and eventually gibbsite, the most thermodynamically stable hydroxide. Increasing crystallinity and decreasing specific surface area of alumina leads to a reduced amount in hydroxide formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Chemical Weathering of Alumina in Aqueous Suspension at Ambient Pressure: A Mechanistic Study

et al. 2017

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“…For free radical polymerization, the termination of chain‐end radicals generally includes disproportionation and combination. However, on the one hand, the termination of chain‐end radicals was suggested in terms of the disproportionation of macro‐radicals 5,7,10,19 . On the other hand, it was proposed in the manner of combination 8 .…”

Section: Process Simulation and Statistical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,[4][5][6][7]9,10,13,16,18,[28][29][30][31][32][33] It has been acknowledged that the polymerization process usually undergoes initiation, propagation, transfer, and termination. [5][6][7]10,13,29,32,34 Interestingly, backbiting has been considered comprehending the mechanism of polymerization for acrylamide in recent studies. 1,2,18 Backbiting is a side reaction that commonly occurs during the polymerization of vinyl monomers.…”

Section: Kinetic Mechanism Of Polymerization For Acrylamide In Aqueou...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factor D with a significant effect on acrylamide conversion was paid attention to by some researchers, showing that the conversion grows with time increasing. 1,[4][5][6][7][8]10,11 It is easy to comprehend this case because time is one of the important parameters of kinetic reaction. In this work, however, it is only the second important factor, which is far away from the most important one.…”

Section: Screening Factor Effects On Acrylamide Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As acknowledged, the properties of a polymer are dependent on the structure of the macromolecules and thus on the polymerization process. It has been attractive to study acrylamide polymerization through experiments and simulations, especially in aqueous solutions because of the environmentally friendly and inexpensive solvent 1,3–19 . Seabrook et al used pulsed laser polymerization in conjunction with aqueous‐phase size exclusion chromatography with multi‐angle laser light scattering detection to determine the propagation rate coefficient for the water‐soluble monomer acrylamide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of process simulation and statistical method to acrylamide polymerization in a batch reactor

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A process simulation model and a statistical method comprising full factorial and response surface designs were employed to study and optimize acrylamide polymerization in a batch reactor. It was evaluated that the dependence of factors such as initial mass fractions of initiator and acrylamide, reacting temperature and operation time in affecting the polymer weight-average (Mw) of polyacrylamide and acrylamide conversion. The simulation model was established on the basis of a kinetic mechanism that refers to backbiting, termination by disproportionation and combination, as well as gel effect, to achieve the Mw of polyacrylamide and acrylamide conversion. Full factorial and response surface designs were developed to screen significant factors and to build reliable predictive function models for polyacrylamide Mw and acrylamide conversion. The results showed significant independent and interactive factor effects on polyacrylamide Mw and acrylamide conversion and were used to optimize the polymerization of acrylamide.

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Investigation of changes in the viscosity properties of acrylamide (co)polymer and their hydrolyzed forms depending on the conditions of their preparation

Kuldasheva,

Abdikamalova,

Eshmetov

et al. 2023

Polym. Bull.

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Kinetics of polymerization of acrylamide in a concentrated aqueous solutions

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Chemical Weathering of Alumina in Aqueous Suspension at Ambient Pressure: A Mechanistic Study

Chemical Weathering of Alumina in Aqueous Suspension at Ambient Pressure: A Mechanistic Study

Application of process simulation and statistical method to acrylamide polymerization in a batch reactor

Investigation of changes in the viscosity properties of acrylamide (co)polymer and their hydrolyzed forms depending on the conditions of their preparation

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