Kinetics of the forelimb in horses circling on different ground surfaces at the trot

Château, Henry; Camus, Matthieu; Holden-Douilly, Laurène; Falala, Sylvain; Ravary, Bérangère; Vergari, Claudio; Lepley, J; Denoix, Jean‐Marie; Pourcelot, Philippe; Crevier-Denoix, Nathalie

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.09.028

Cited by 48 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The test results may suffer variations depending on whether treadmills, soft or hard surfaces to be used (Salo et al 2009, Chateau et al 2013. In this study, tests were developed in sandy soil to obtain a behavior as near as possible to reality, because the selected horses were athletes and worked in this type of surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and characterization of the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses as a tool for the diagnosis of lameness

et al. 2018

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Horses with lameness modify gait behavior, but when it is subtle, it may not be possible to identify it clinically. The objective of this research is to characterize the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses by combining photogrammetry and accelerometry to monitor lameness to indicate a structural or functional disorder in the extremities. The study was conducted in 23 adult male Warmblood horses. Photogrammetry was used to identify the kinematic variables of the limbs and the markers path over time; triaxial accelerometers were used to capture the orthogonal acceleration components. It was determined that only 10 horses showed a normal gait pattern, there was a 43% correspondence between the expert´s judgment and the diagnostic techniques. According to the Stashak classification of the gait phases, cycle phases to forelimb were 34/4/8/13/41, while for hind limb were 54/11/8/8/19 (% of the stride). The range of motion (ROM) of the neck, knee and fetlock joints was 45.52±5.63°, 196.04±19.7° and 209±11.52° respectively. A combination of experimental methods was used to identify the phases of gait cycle of healthy horses. There was a correspondence in the location of the points of maximum displacement of the limbs with both techniques. More detailed information on the limbs movement was obtained using the accelerometer technology. These methods are applicable to other conditions either outdoors or in the lab.INDEX TERMS: Gait, horses, Warmblood, lameness, photogrammetry, accelerometry, equine, limb injuries, clinics. Analysis and characterization of the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses as a tool for the diagnosis of lameness Uma combinação dos métodos experimentais foi utilizada para identificar as fases do ciclo de marcha de cavalos saudáveis. Constatou-se correspondência na localização dos pontos de deslocamento máximo do membro com ambas as técnicas. A informação mais detalhada do movimento dos membros foi obtida usando a acelerometria. Estes métodos são aplicáveis em outras condições, quer a campo ou no laboratório.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and characterization of the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses as a tool for the diagnosis of lameness

et al. 2018

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“…Studies done using kinematic analysis have shown that the animals get higher speeds when trotted on a sand surface than when trotted on an asphalt surface, probably due to the reduction in stance phase time and an increase in stride length (Chateau et al, 2010;Chateau et al, 2013). Although the coefficient of variation (CV) has not differed between the track surfaces, it can be seen that the CV was higher on the sand surface, which leads to greater variability assessment during the examination on this type of surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact or push-off lameness presentation is not altered by the type of track surface where horses are trotted

Azevedo

Côrte

Brass

et al. 2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the track surface on which horses are examined, regarding the phase of lameness presentation. Ten horses with lameness in at least one limb were evaluated with wireless inertial sensors on three track surfaces (concrete, loose sand and grass). Six crossover track sequences were established. The variables vector sum, maximum and minimum height of the head and pelvis, variation coefficient of the maximum and minimum height of the head and pelvis were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Tukey test to compare means between track surface and sequence, at 5% significance level. The lameness phase (impact or pushoff) was analyzed considering the proportion of affected animals. There were no differences on vector sum, maximum and minimum height or variation coefficient of head and pelvis. Difference was observed on the number of strides registered on sand compared to grass and concrete (p <0.0001) for fore and hindlimbs. Impact lameness on forelimbs was presented by a larger number of animals on the concrete surface; pushoff lameness was more evident on the grass surface. In the hindlimbs, impact lameness was more evident on the grass surface, while pushoff lameness was in greater number of animals on concrete surfaces. The track sequence on which horses were trotted during evaluation does not seem to be a factor, but the number of lame horses and the phase of lameness manifestation can vary between track surfaces, as some horses showed impact lameness on soft ground and elevation lameness on hard ground.Keywords: horse, impact lameness, lameness locator, objective evaluation, push-off lameness RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do tipo de superfície em que os cavalos são examinados em relação à fase de apresentação da claudicação. Dez cavalos com claudicação em pelo menos um dos membros foram avaliados com sensores inerciais sem fio em três tipos de superfície (concreto, areia e grama

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“…At the canter on a circle, the inside limbs are the leading limbs, and the outside limbs, the trailing limbs. If load distribution is similar in circle as in straight line, this would imply that the outside hind limb would support the lowest peak vertical force, which would then be the opposite as what could be hypothesized given the previous results obtained at trot on the forelimb (Chateau et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…After trimming, the right hind hoof of each horse was equipped with a dynamometric horseshoe (DHS), composed of 4 triaxial piezoelectric force sensors (9251A, Kistler) sandwiched between two aluminium plates (Chateau et al, 2013). A non-instrumented horseshoe with matching height and weight was attached to the left hind, as well as to both fore hooves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…loading of the medial structures increased on the outside limb), an increased overall loading of the outside limb has been demonstrated in the forelimb. In horses circling at trot, Chateau et al (2013) using a dynamometric horseshoe, demonstrated that the peak vertical force during stance is significantly larger on the outside forelimb. However to date, no kinetic data is available in the hind limb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of peak vertical force and vertical impulse in the inside and outside hind limbs in horses circling on a soft surface, at trot and canter

Crevier-Denoix

Munoz-Nates

Camus

et al. 2017

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering

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Kinetics of the forelimb in horses circling on different ground surfaces at the trot

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Analysis and characterization of the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses as a tool for the diagnosis of lameness

Analysis and characterization of the normal gait phases of walking Warmblood horses as a tool for the diagnosis of lameness

Impact or push-off lameness presentation is not altered by the type of track surface where horses are trotted

Comparison of peak vertical force and vertical impulse in the inside and outside hind limbs in horses circling on a soft surface, at trot and canter

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