Kinetics of the formation and destruction of PCDD/Fs in a laboratory tubular furnace

Optimizing the Elimination of Dioxin-Like Compounds (PCDD/Fs and PCBs) Through Effective Combustion Practices in the Flue Gas in the Medical Waste Incineration Facility

“…It was observed that the destruction of PCDD/Fs above 900℃ was greater than its formation. This is consistent to the findings reported by Palmer et al [18], Liu et al [19], and Sørmo et al [20]. Both PCDD/Fs were generated in solid phase at the temperature range of 300℃ however, it was noted that PCDFs were more predominant in both solid and gas phase than PCDDs.…”

Sewage Sludge as Inhibitor of the Formation of Persistent Organic Pollutants during Incineration

“…For the hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorinated congeners, the mixture Ri = 0.25 presented higher dioxin emissions than expected due to the composition of the sludge, composed by around 6% of iron, among other metals in much less proportion, such as copper (0.09%). Previous studies showed that the presence of these metals catalyzes the formation reaction of PCDDs and PCDFs [12,13]. According to Fujimori et al [54], some of the active catalysts could already be present in the sample.…”

“…Different studies [12,13] have highlighted the importance of the nature of waste (particularly, its content of Cu and Fe metals and chlorides) in the formation of dangerous compounds in the treatment processes. Likewise, the key role of the presence of oxygen in the production of PAHs, dioxins, and related compounds is highlighted, observing maximum amounts of these pollutants at intermediate oxygen levels.…”

“…Figure 2.Possible pathways for PCDD/Fs formation in combustion systems, indicating the necessary conditions to be produced. De novo synthesis is usually the most important method, as it is the one presenting faster kinetics in the usual conditions of incineration systems[12].…”