Kinetics on roasting reduction of limonitic laterite ore using coconut-charcoal and anthracite reductants

Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti; Putera, Andreas Diga Pratama; Sugiarto, Edi; Perdana, Indra; Warmada, I Wayan; Nurjaman, Fajar; Astuti, Widi; Mursito, Anggoro Tri

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2018.11.043

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Meanwhile, the TGA curve of limonite ore shows a different pattern compared (a) to the WPCB curve. Recent research reported to conduct the TG analysis on Indonesian limonite ore showed a similar curve pattern with the current research [9]. The TGA curve of the mixing samples of WPCB powder and limonite ore was also recorded in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of 5 Wt.% WPCB Powder as Reductant on Indonesian Nickeliferous Ore Processing

Ulum¹,

Radhitya²,

Madsuha³

et al. 2021

jsmi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

EFFECT OF 5 WT.% WPCB POWDER AS REDUCTANT ON INDONESIAN LIMONITICNICKEL ORE PROCESSING. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) are among the most valuable parts of electronic waste with one of the fastest-growing waste streams in the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of WPCB powder as an alternative reducing agent for the carbothermic process in nickel lateritic ore processing. WPCB waste was mixed with nickel ore at 1100ÚC in inert atmosphere. In addition, a conventional reductant of coal is also utilized for comparison. Both reductant are varied in concentration of 5 wt% and 15 wt%. Based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTA) investigation, it is observed that there exists a difference between WPCB powder, nickeliferous ore powder, and the mixture in their decomposed levels. The decomposed gasses of WPCB produced by thermal degradation in the TGA instrument are mainly composed of reduction gas, which plays a critical role in reducing the nickeliferous ore. This study shows that WPCB powder performs comparably to sub-bituminous coal in the pyrometallurgical processing of nickel ore, which is proved by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test results that the carbothermic products consists of FeNi, magnetite, wustite and fayalite. It can be concluded than WPCB powder has potential to be utilize as an alternative reductant.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Moisture evaporation occurred at 90 °C, which is contributed by trapped water. Moreover, goethite's dehydroxylation to form hematite occurred at 290 °C [9]. The exothermic peak at 840 °C indicates the increasing amount of the hematite phase and lizardite decomposition into the forsterite phase [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 5 Wt.% WPCB Powder as Reductant on Indonesian Nickeliferous Ore Processing

Ulum¹,

Radhitya²,

Madsuha³

et al. 2021

jsmi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Petrus et al [56] investigated and compared the reduction behavior of anthracite coal and coconut shell charcoal for the roasting reduction of limonitic laterite. Laterite and the reducing agent were pelletized and treated in a muffle furnace at different temperatures and holding times.…”

Section: Pre-reduction Of Nickel Resources Using Bio-based Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacing Fossil Carbon in the Production of Ferroalloys with a Focus on Bio-Based Carbon: A Review

Sommerfeld

Friedrich

2021

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of ferroalloys and alloys like ferronickel, ferrochromium, ferromanganese, silicomanganese, ferrosilicon and silicon is commonly carried out in submerged arc furnaces. Submerged arc furnaces are also used to upgrade ilmenite by producing pig iron and a titania-rich slag. Metal containing resources are smelted in this furnace type using fossil carbon as a reducing agent, which is responsible for a large amount of direct CO2 emissions in those processes. Instead, renewable bio-based carbon could be a viable direct replacement of fossil carbon currently investigated by research institutions and companies to lower the CO2 footprint of produced alloys. A second option could be the usage of hydrogen. However, hydrogen has the disadvantages that current production facilities relying on solid reducing agents need to be adjusted. Furthermore, hydrogen reduction of ignoble metals like chromium, manganese and silicon is only possible at very low H2O/H2 partial pressure ratios. The present article is a comprehensive review of the research carried out regarding the utilization of bio-based carbon for the processing of the mentioned products. Starting with the potential impact of the ferroalloy industry on greenhouse gas emissions, followed by a general description of bio-based reducing agents and unit operations covered by this review, each following chapter presents current research carried out to produce each metal. Most studies focused on pre-reduction or solid-state reduction except the silicon industry, which instead had a strong focus on smelting up to an industrial-scale and the design of bio-based carbon for submerged arc furnace processes. Those results might be transferable to other submerged arc furnace processes as well and could help to accelerate research to produce other metals. Deviations between the amount of research and scale of tests for the same unit operation but different metal resources were identified and closer cooperation could be helpful to transfer knowledge from one area to another. Life cycle assessment to produce ferronickel and silicon already revealed the potential of bio-based reducing agents in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, but was not carried out for other metals until now.

show abstract

“…Penggunaan reduktan berbasis biomassa juga mulai banyak digunakan dalam proses reduksi selektif bijih nikel laterit dikarenakan karakteristiknya yang ramah lingkungan, dimana reduktan biomassa memiliki kandungan sulfur yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan batubara, sehingga mampu meminimalisir pembentukan gas SO2 yang berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan (Petrus et al, 2019;Suharno et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pengaruh Reduktan Dalam Reduksi Selektif Bijih Nikel Lateritunclassified

Kajian Literatur Parameter Proses Reduksi Selektif Bijih Nikel Laterit

Nurjaman

Bahfie²,

Herlina³

et al. 2020

met. indonesia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proses reduksi selektif bijih nikel laterit merupakan salah satu metode pirometalurgi yang dilakukan dengan mereduksi senyawa besi dan nikel oksida dalam bijih nikel laterit pada temperatur 1100-1200°C menjadi logam ferronikel dengan membatasi metalisasi besi melalui penambahan aditif dan penggunaan jumlah reduktan yang terbatas. Kandungan dan perolehan nikel dalam konsentrat semakin meningkat dengan semakin banyaknya aditif yang ditambahkan. Namun penambahan aditif dalam jumlah banyak akan meningkatkan biaya produksi proses reduksi selektif tersebut. Penggunaan reduktan batubara dengan kandungan sulfur tinggi memungkinkan untuk mensubstitusi penggunaan aditif. Proses reduksi selektif tidak hanya melibatkan reaksi solid-state melainkan juga melibatkan reaksi solid-liquid state. Oleh karena itu biaya produksi proses reduksi selektif juga dapat diminimalkan melalui penggunaan basisitas yang optimal sehingga diperoleh kondisi proses dengan titik lebur fasa metalik dan non-metalik yang rendah. Dengan konsumsi energi/temperatur reduksi yang lebih rendah, diharapkan teknologi reduksi selektif bijih nikel laterit mampu menggantikan teknologi pirometalurgi konvensional (blast furnace dan rotary kiln electric arc furnace). Teknologi ini juga diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi permasalahan terkait pengolahan bijih nikel laterit kadar rendah (<1,7% Ni) yang ketersediaannya sangat berlimpah di dunia, dimana nilai keekonomisan yang diperoleh akan sangat rendah jika menggunakan teknologi pirometalurgi konvensional.

show abstract

Kinetics on roasting reduction of limonitic laterite ore using coconut-charcoal and anthracite reductants

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of 5 Wt.% WPCB Powder as Reductant on Indonesian Nickeliferous Ore Processing

Effect of 5 Wt.% WPCB Powder as Reductant on Indonesian Nickeliferous Ore Processing

Replacing Fossil Carbon in the Production of Ferroalloys with a Focus on Bio-Based Carbon: A Review

Kajian Literatur Parameter Proses Reduksi Selektif Bijih Nikel Laterit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About