1990
DOI: 10.1038/345618a0
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Kinetics, stoichiometry and role of the Na–Ca exchange mechanism in isolated cardiac myocytes

Abstract: Compelling evidence has existed for more than a decade for a sodium/calcium (Na-Ca) exchange mechanism in the surface membrane of mammalian heart muscle cells which exchanges about three sodium ions for each calcium ion. Although it is known that cardiac muscle contraction is regulated by a transient increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) triggered by the action potential, the contribution of the Na-Ca exchanger to the [Ca2+]i transient and to calcium extrusion during rest is unclear. To clarify these que… Show more

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Cited by 186 publications
(126 citation statements)
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“…The number of pulses and the duration in which the cells were held at ϩ100 allowed specific control of [Ca 2ϩ ] i . We initially repeated the experimental protocol 2-4 times at basal pH i (usually ϳ7.2); immediately after the lower pH i was established (via acid loading by NH 4 Cl rebound) we repeated the experimental protocol for as long as the cardiomyocytes remained quiescent, i.e. the leak currents were stable and Ͻ300 pA (at E m of Ϫ80mV).…”
Section: Overexpression and Purification Of Cbd1 Cbd2 And Cbd12mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The number of pulses and the duration in which the cells were held at ϩ100 allowed specific control of [Ca 2ϩ ] i . We initially repeated the experimental protocol 2-4 times at basal pH i (usually ϳ7.2); immediately after the lower pH i was established (via acid loading by NH 4 Cl rebound) we repeated the experimental protocol for as long as the cardiomyocytes remained quiescent, i.e. the leak currents were stable and Ͻ300 pA (at E m of Ϫ80mV).…”
Section: Overexpression and Purification Of Cbd1 Cbd2 And Cbd12mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All of this "trigger" Ca 2ϩ that enters the cell must be extruded, and the NCX is largely or wholly responsible (2). NCX is an electrogenic transporter and, when extruding net Ca 2ϩ , produces an inward current, I NCX , the magnitude of which is a direct measure of the transport rate of NCX (3,4). Although multiple NCX control elements exist to regulate its function, we focus here on one that is critically important and one that is both complex and controversial; that is, the action of [Ca 2ϩ ] i on NCX transport rate.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has recently been postulated that endothelial subplasmalemmal [Ca 2ϩ ] i may be controlled for a large part by Na ϩ /Ca 2ϩ exchange (11). This Ca 2ϩ transport system was first identified in cardiac muscle (13) and transports Ca 2ϩ in exchange for Na ϩ in either direction, depending on the electrochemical gradients of Na ϩ and Ca 2ϩ (14,15). In the forward mode (Na ϩ entry/Ca 2ϩ extrusion), the exchanger represents the primary mechanism for Ca 2ϩ efflux in the myocardium and thus plays a prominent role in contractile function (15)(16)(17).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This Ca 2ϩ transport system was first identified in cardiac muscle (13) and transports Ca 2ϩ in exchange for Na ϩ in either direction, depending on the electrochemical gradients of Na ϩ and Ca 2ϩ (14,15). In the forward mode (Na ϩ entry/Ca 2ϩ extrusion), the exchanger represents the primary mechanism for Ca 2ϩ efflux in the myocardium and thus plays a prominent role in contractile function (15)(16)(17). During depolarization, the exchanger operates in reversed mode (Ca 2ϩ entry/Na ϩ extrusion) and triggers Ca 2ϩ -induced Ca 2ϩ release during cardiac excitation (18,19).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When operating in its forward mode (Ca 2 þ efflux), the exchanger contributes to diastolic relaxation and counterbalances Ca 2 þ entry via Ca 2 þ channels (Carmeliet, 1992;Bers et al, 2003); when operating in its reverse mode, it promotes a Ca 2 þ influx that contributes to Ca 2 þ loading of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and/or Ca 2 þ release from the organelle (Crespo et al, 1990;Leblanc & Hume, 1990;Lipp & Niggli, 1994;Litwin et al, 1998;Meme et al, 2001;Bers et al, 2003). In either mode, I NCX affects the configuration of the action potential (Mitchell et al, 1984;Noble et al, 1991;Janvier & Boyett, 1996;Wei et al, 2003).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%