Kisspeptin and GnRH interactions in the reproductive brain of teleosts

Somoza, Gustavo M.; Mechaly, Alejandro S.; Trudeau, Vance L.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113568

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Gnrh exerts its effects through three Gnrh paralogs, classified according to lineage: Gnrh1, Gnrh2, and Gnrh3 (222,223). While both Gnrh receptors and Gnrh3 or Gnrh2 fibers have been observed in the retina and the pineal gland respectively, hypophysiotropic Gnrh1, or Gnrh3 in those teleost species lacking Gnrh1, serves as the main stimulator of gonadotropes by projecting in close proximity to gonadotrope cells in the pituitary [for review, see (15)].…”

Section: Gnrh Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in teleosts, a study in striped bass showed that Kiss regulates gonadotropes in a Gnrh-independent manner (246). Recently, a study in zebrafish reported that Kiss directly stimulates lhb and fshb expression in pituitary in vitro culture, therefore suggesting that Kiss more directly regulates gonadotropes in teleosts than in mammals [(247) and reviewed in (15)].…”

Section: Kiss Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gonadotrope plasticity (cell activity and cell number) is regulated by a myriad of brain factors primarily released from the preoptic-hypothalamic region. The main brain factors in this regard are gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh), dopamine (DA), and Kiss in teleosts (Figure 3; for review see (7,14,15)). Gnrh serves as the main stimulator of gonadotropes (7,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gnrh serves as the main stimulator of gonadotropes (7,16). The neuro-hypothalamic Kiss system also plays an important stimulatory role (15). In contrast, DA appears to be the main gonadotrope inhibitor (7,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and Indirect Effects of Sex Steroids on Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity in the Teleost Fish Pituitary

et al. 2020

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The pituitary gland controls many important physiological processes in vertebrates, including growth, homeostasis, and reproduction. As in mammals, the teleost pituitary exhibits a high degree of plasticity. This plasticity permits changes in hormone production and secretion necessary to meet the fluctuating demands over the life of an animal. Pituitary plasticity is achieved at both cellular and population levels. At the cellular level, hormone synthesis and release can be regulated via changes in cell composition to modulate both sensitivity and response to different signals. At the cell population level, the number of cells producing a given hormone can change due to proliferation, differentiation of progenitor cells, or transdifferentiation of specific cell types. Gonadotropes, which play an important role in the control of reproduction, have been intensively investigated during the last decades and found to display plasticity. To ensure appropriate endocrine function, gonadotropes rely on external and internal signals integrated at the brain level or by the gonadotropes themselves. One important group of internal signals is the sex steroids, produced mainly by the gonadal steroidogenic cells. Sex steroids have been shown to exert complex effects on the teleost pituitary, with differential effects depending on the species investigated, physiological status or sex of the animal, and dose or method of administration. This review summarizes current knowledge of the effects of sex steroids (androgens and estrogens) on gonadotrope cell plasticity in teleost anterior pituitary, discriminating direct from indirect effects.

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Section: Gnrh Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kiss Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and Indirect Effects of Sex Steroids on Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity in the Teleost Fish Pituitary

et al. 2020

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“…In fish, as in mammals, the kisspeptin system seems to play a major role in the regulation of the gonadotropic axis, especially in the timing of puberty and control of gonadotropin secretion [5][6][7]. In most teleost fish, the kisspeptin system is composed of two ligands, KISS1 and KISS2, and two receptors, KISS2r and KISS3r (reviewed in Somoza, et al [8]). Although KISS2 appears to have a predominant role in the control of reproduction [9,10], both kisspeptin peptides have been demonstrated to stimulate gonadotropin synthesis and secretion in different fish species, accelerating puberty in juveniles or gametogenesis in adults [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kisspeptin Influences the Reproductive Axis and Circulating Levels of microRNAs in Senegalese Sole

Oliveira

Fatsini

Fernández

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Kisspeptin regulates puberty and reproduction onset, acting upstream of the brain–pituitary–gonad (HPG) axis. This study aimed to test a kisspeptin-based hormonal therapy on cultured Senegalese sole (G1) breeders, known to have reproductive dysfunctions. A single intramuscular injection of KISS2-10 decapeptide (250 µg/kg) was tested in females and males during the reproductive season, and gonad maturation, sperm motility, plasma levels of gonadotropins (Fsh and Lh) and sex steroids (11-ketotestosterone, testosterone and estradiol), as well as changes in small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in plasma, were investigated. Fsh, Lh, and testosterone levels increased after kisspeptin injection in both sexes, while sperm analysis did not show differences between groups. Let7e, miR-199a-3p and miR-100-5p were differentially expressed in females, while miR-1-3p miRNA was up-regulated in kisspeptin-treated males. In silico prediction of mRNAs targeted by miRNAs revealed that kisspeptin treatment might affect paracellular transporters, regulate structural and functional polarity of cells, neural networks and intracellular trafficking in Senegalese sole females; also, DNA methylation and sphingolipid metabolism might be altered in kisspeptin-treated males. Results demonstrated that kisspeptin stimulated gonadotropin and testosterone secretion in both sexes and induced an unanticipated alteration of plasma miRNAs, opening new research venues to understand how this neuropeptide impacts in fish HPG axis.

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Seasonal morphophysiological changes during the reproductive cycle of the tripletail fish Lobotes surinamensis (Perciformes: Lobotidae) in the western South Atlantic

et al. 2021

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and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were evaluated in all seasons. The histological analysis of the gonads showed that L. surinamensis is a multiple spawner with an asynchronous oocyte development. The gene expression of fshβ did not change throughout the reproductive cycle in males and females, while the gene expression of lhβ in males was higher in the summer compared to the autumn/winter periods. Plasma E 2 was higher in females and 11-KT in males during spring. Gonadal development, plasma level of E 2 (females), and 11-KT (males) are indicators that L. surinamensis reproduce during the spring and summer in Paraty Bay, while the gene expression levels of gonadotropins in females and fshβ in males were not useful physiological tools to establish the reproductive season. The results suggest an active expression throughout the year, a profile expected in multiple spawning species, as proposed here for the L. surinamensis.

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Kisspeptin and GnRH interactions in the reproductive brain of teleosts

Cited by 54 publications

References 103 publications

Direct and Indirect Effects of Sex Steroids on Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity in the Teleost Fish Pituitary

Direct and Indirect Effects of Sex Steroids on Gonadotrope Cell Plasticity in the Teleost Fish Pituitary

Kisspeptin Influences the Reproductive Axis and Circulating Levels of microRNAs in Senegalese Sole

Seasonal morphophysiological changes during the reproductive cycle of the tripletail fish Lobotes surinamensis (Perciformes: Lobotidae) in the western South Atlantic

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