KIT gene exon 11 mutations in canine malignant melanoma

Chu, Pei-Yi; Pan, Siou-Li; Liu, Chen-Hsuan; Lee, J.; Yeh, Lih‐Seng; Liao, Albert

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.09.005

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Activating mutations in BRAF exon 15 are not found (Fowles et al., ; Shelly et al., ), similar to human mucosal melanoma (Maldonado et al., ). Activating mutations of NRAS and c‐kit appear to be absent in canine mucosal melanoma (Chu et al., ; Fowles et al., ; Murakami et al., ), in contrast to human mucosal melanoma where these genes are mutated in 15% of tumors (Curtin et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporadic naturally occurring melanoma in dogs as a preclinical model for human melanoma

Simpson

Bastian

Michael

et al. 2013

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

125

198

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Summary Melanoma represents a significant malignancy in humans and dogs. Different from genetically engineered models, sporadic canine melanocytic neoplasms share several characteristics with human disease that could make dogs a more relevant pre-clinical model. Canine melanomas rarely arise in sun-exposed sites. Most occur in the oral cavity, with a subset having intraepithelial malignant melanocytes mimicking the in situ component of human mucosal melanoma. The spectrum of canine melanocytic neoplasia includes benign lesions with some analogy to nevi, as well as invasive primary melanoma, and widespread metastasis. Growing evidence of distinct subtypes in humans, differing in somatic and predisposing germ-line genetic alterations, cell of origin, epidemiology, relationship to ultraviolet radiation and progression from benign to malignant tumors, may also exist in dogs. Canine and human mucosal melanomas appear to harbor BRAF, NRAS and c-kit mutations uncommonly, compared to human cutaneous melanomas, although both species share AKT and MAPK signaling activation. We conclude that there is significant overlap in the clinical and histopathological features of canine and human mucosal melanomas. This represents opportunity to explore canine oral cavity melanoma as a pre-clinical model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporadic naturally occurring melanoma in dogs as a preclinical model for human melanoma

Simpson

Bastian

Michael

et al. 2013

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

125

198

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“…) and only in five of 49 patients in another (Chu et al . ). However, both studies only investigated mutations in exon 11, suggesting that there might be gain‐of‐function mutations in other exons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…, Chu et al . ), strong c‐kit expression has been found in approximately 50% of canine oral melanomas (Murakami et al . , Newman et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The roles of c-kit, FAK and PDGFR in canine melanoma have not been extensively investigated. Although c-kit mutation in canine oral melanoma seems uncommon (Murakami et al 2011, Chu et al 2013, strong c-kit expression has been found in approximately 50% of canine oral melanomas (Murakami et al 2011, Newman et al 2012). Nevertheless, no correlation of c-kit mutation/expression with prognosis has been established (Murakami et al 2011, Newman et al 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospective clinical trial of masitinib mesylate treatment for advanced stage III and IV canine malignant melanoma

Giuliano

Dobson

2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objective To investigate efficacy of masitinib mesylate for the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma in dogs. Materials and Methods Prospective clinical trial on 17 dogs with stage III and IV malignant melanoma (two digital, one anal and 14 oral mucosal). Only dogs with advanced gross disease for which the owner declined conventional treatment or dogs with progressive tumour despite conventional treatment were included. Results There was a partial response in two dogs, stable disease in seven and tumour progression in eight dogs. Median survival time for all 17 dogs was 119 days (range 21–255). Masitinib was generally well‐tolerated but grade 2 anaemia, grade 1 neutropenia, grade 1 diarrhoea and grade 2 anorexia were observed in one dog each. Clinical Significance There was only mild effectiveness in end‐stage disease, indicating that masitinib mesylate is not an appropriate sole‐agent option for treatment of advanced malignant melanoma in dogs.

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“…Chu et al (2013) examined the mutational status of KIT exon 11 in canine malignant melanomas that had developed at different anatomical sites (n = 49) and found a missense mutation in 1/33 case of oral melanoma. Murakami et al (2011) also examined the mutational status of KIT exon 11 in canine oral melanoma (n = 17), but no mutation was identified.…”

Section: Kit Mutations In Canine Leukaemia and Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of tyrosine kinases and use of imatinib in small animal practice

Bonkobara

2015

The Veterinary Journal

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Imatinib inhibits the activity of several tyrosine kinases, including BCR-ABL, KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). Dysregulation of KIT is found in mast cell tumours (MCTs) and KIT is mutated in approximately 30% and 70% of canine and feline MCTs, respectively. KIT mutations have also been reported in canine and feline gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), canine acute myeloid leukaemia and canine melanoma. In addition, BCR-ABL and PDGFR mutations have been found in canine leukaemia and haemangiosarcoma, respectively. Imatinib has anti-tumour activity with tolerable toxicity towards a certain subset of MCTs in dogs and cats. Favourable clinical responses are likely to be associated with the presence of KIT mutation. Anti-tumour activity of imatinib has also been demonstrated in canine GISTs with a KIT mutation and in feline hypereosinophilic syndrome; however, to date only one of each of these cases has been reported. In conclusion, analysis of KIT mutations appears to provide valuable data for individual treatment with imatinib in dogs and cats.

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KIT gene exon 11 mutations in canine malignant melanoma

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Sporadic naturally occurring melanoma in dogs as a preclinical model for human melanoma

Sporadic naturally occurring melanoma in dogs as a preclinical model for human melanoma

Prospective clinical trial of masitinib mesylate treatment for advanced stage III and IV canine malignant melanoma

Dysregulation of tyrosine kinases and use of imatinib in small animal practice

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