Kiwifruit with high anthocyanin content modulates NF-κB activation and reduces CCL11 secretion in human alveolar epithelial cells

Peng, Yongyan; Cordiner, Sarah; McGhie, Tony K.; Espley, Richard V.; Allan, Andrew C.; Hurst, Roger D.

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2019.103734

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We found that the TAC in green-fleshed and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit was almost undetectable, and the error for measurement was relatively large, so those values were not shown in the table. This finding was consistent with a recent study, in which almost no anthocyanin was detected in green-fleshed and yellow-fleshed kiwifruit [ 10 ]. In this study, Hongshi No.2 had the highest AAC, TPC, TFC, and TAC among the 15 kiwifruit cultivars.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…It enjoys a reputation as “the king of Vitamin C” in China [ 3 , 9 ]. Kiwifruit is also rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and other antioxidant ingredients [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Generally, phytochemicals are regarded to be the most important bioactive components of kiwifruit [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from several studies have suggested that eating kiwifruit could minimize the symptoms of chronic diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases [ 16 ]. Recent evidence has suggested that kiwifruit polyphenols which are rich in anthocyanin could modulate key inflammatory signals (CCL11 and NF-κB) and have potential benefits in reducing lung inflammation [ 10 ]. In addition, kiwifruit is also a good source of carotenoids, vitamin E, amino acids, mineral elements, folate, and other nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional and Functional Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars—Comparative Analysis of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars

Zhang

Zhao

Lan

et al. 2020

Foods

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Physicochemical characteristics, nutritional and functional components, and the antioxidant capacity of 15 kinds of domestic and imported kiwifruit in China were studied. Kiwifruit was classified according to flesh color or species, and the differences were analyzed and compared. Results demonstrated Ruiyu had the highest sugar-acid ratio, and Hongshi No.2 was an excellent cultivar with strong antioxidant capacity. TPC (total polyphenol content) and AAC (ascorbic acid content) showed a significant positive correlation. TPC was the greatest antioxidant contributor in the DPPH and FRAP assays. The sugar–acid ratio and TFC (total flavonoids content) in red-fleshed kiwifruit were significantly higher than those in yellow-fleshed and green-fleshed ones. The composition of free amino acids had a tendency to distinguish A. deliciosa and A. chinensis, but this needs further verification. In addition, the contents of mineral elements, folic acid and L-5-methyltetrahydrofolate were also analyzed. Generally, kiwifruit contains comprehensive nutrients and has strong antioxidant capacity. Cultivar is one of the main factors affecting nutritional and functional properties and antioxidant capacity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional and Functional Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars—Comparative Analysis of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars

Zhang

Zhao

Lan

et al. 2020

Foods

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“…These specific hydroxylation steps determine pigmentation as well as increasing nutritional values of fruit. Anthocyanin-enriched extracts from purple kiwifruit showed reduction of key inflammatory signals involved in lung inflammation 59 . Dietary intake of di- and tri-hydroxylated anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols and PAs is linked to reductions in markers of cardiovascular disease risk 60 , 61 as well as reducing the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and cancers 62 – 64 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The proanthocyanin-related transcription factors MYBC1 and WRKY44 regulate branch points in the kiwifruit anthocyanin pathway

Peng

Thrimawithana

Cooney

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The groups of plant flavonoid metabolites termed anthocyanins and proanthocyanins (PA) are responsible for pigmentation in seeds, flowers and fruits. Anthocyanins and PAs are produced by a pathway of enzymes which are transcriptionally regulated by transcription factors (TFs) that form the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex. In this study, transcriptomic analysis of purple-pigmented kiwifruit skin and flesh tissues identified MYBC1, from subgroup 5 of the R2R3 MYB family, and WRKY44 (highly similar to Arabidopsis TTG2) as candidate activators of the anthocyanin pathway. Transient over-expression of MYBC1 and WRKY44 induced anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco leaves. Dual luciferase promoter activation assays revealed that both MYBC1 and WRKY44 were able to strongly activate the promoters of the kiwifruit F3′H and F3′5′H genes. These enzymes are branch points of the pathway which specifies the type of anthocyanin accumulated. Stable over-expression of MYBC1 and WRKY44 in kiwifruit calli activated the expression of F3′5′H and PA-related biosynthetic genes as well as increasing levels of PAs. These results suggest that while previously characterised anthocyanin activator MYBs regulate the overall anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, the PA-related TFs, MYBC1 and WRKY44, more specifically regulate key branch points. This adds a layer of regulatory control that potentially balances anthocyanin and PA levels. Anthocyanins are a group within the flavonoid family of plant secondary metabolites that determine the colour of flowers and plant organs, as well as indicator for ripeness and quality in fruit 1,2. Flavonoids derive from phenylalanine via the general phenylpropanoid pathway which leads to different pathway branches responsible for lignins, stilbenes, condensed tannins (proanthocyanin) and anthocyanins 3. Anthocyanin is produced by the biosynthetic pathway consisting of the commonly termed early biosynthetic enzymes, chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and the late biosynthetic enzymes dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and flavonoid-3-glucosyltransferase (F3GT) 2. Within the flavonoid family, proanthocyanins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins, are oligomers of epicatechins and catechins that are usually accumulated in the seed coats of many plants, and are well studied in the model plants Medicago truncatala and Arabidopsis 4,5. The enzyme flavonol synthase (FLS) converts dihydroflavonol from the anthocyanin pathway into flavonols. The downstream enzymes leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) are responsible for the conversion of anthocyanidin to catechin and epicatechin 6,7. Parts of the anthocyanin and PA pathways overlap, as enzymes in the respective pathways utilise and potentially compete for the same intermediate substrates. The pathway direction is determined at the F3′H and F3′5′H branch points, two enzymes which hydroxylate the ...

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“…In addition, IL-10 enables tumor cells to evade host immune-system defenses, and promotes their metastasis (49). In many inflammatory responses, NF-kB signaling is involved in the secretion of the chemokine CCL11, in coordination with other signaling mechanisms (50). CCL11 inhibits the differentiation of dendritic cells and enhances the polarization of T-helper 2 cells (51,52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress

Yang

Sun

et al. 2021

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundLiver cancer is one of the most malignant human cancers, with few treatments and a poor prognosis. Erianin (ERN) is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities that has been reported to have numerous excellent effects against liver cancer in experimental systems. However, its application in vivo has been limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and numerous off-target effects. This study aimed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of ERN by developing novel ERN-loaded tumor-targeting nanoparticles.ResultsIn this study, ERN was loaded into liposomes by ethanol injection (LP-ERN), and the resulting LP-ERN nanoparticles were treated with transferrin to form Tf-LP-ERN to improve the solubility and enhance the tumor-targeting of ERN. LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles had smooth surfaces and a uniform particle size, with particle diameters of 62.60 nm and 88.63 nm, respectively. In HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, Tf-LP-ERN induced apoptosis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potentials and increased ERN uptake more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN. In xenotransplanted mice, Tf-LP-ERN inhibited tumor growth, but had a minimal effect on body weight and organ morphology. In addition, Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles targeted tumors more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles, and in tumor tissues Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles promoted the cleavage PARP-1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, increased the expression levels of Bax, Bad, PUMA, and reduced the expression level of Bcl-2. Moreover, in the spleen of heterotopic tumor model BALB/c mice, ERN, LP-ERN and Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD-1 and SOD-2, but reduced the expression levels of P-IKKα+β and P-NF-κB, with Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles being most effective in this regard. Tf-LP-ERN nanoparticles also regulated the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-10 and CCL11 in serum.ConclusionTf-LP-ERN nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-liver cancer activity in vivo and in vitro by inducing cellular apoptosis, exhibiting immunoregulatory actions, and targeting tumor tissues, and did so more effectively than free ERN and LP-ERN nanoparticles. These results suggest that the clinical utility of a Tf-conjugated LP ERN-delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer warrants exploration.

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Kiwifruit with high anthocyanin content modulates NF-κB activation and reduces CCL11 secretion in human alveolar epithelial cells

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Comparative Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional and Functional Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars—Comparative Analysis of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars

Comparative Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional and Functional Components and Antioxidant Capacity of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars—Comparative Analysis of Fifteen Kiwifruit (Actinidia) Cultivars

The proanthocyanin-related transcription factors MYBC1 and WRKY44 regulate branch points in the kiwifruit anthocyanin pathway

Transferrin-Conjugated Erianin-Loaded Liposomes Suppress the Growth of Liver Cancer by Modulating Oxidative Stress

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