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Данилов, Александр Максимович

doi:10.1023/a:1014231230570

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Ignition promoters have traditionally been alkyl nitrates (e.g., amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate and octyl nitrate), but azo compounds and alkyl peroxides have also been proposed. 135,136 The CO emission during the heavy engine load does not change remarkably. The HC emission can be increased by adding DTBP.…”

Section: Introduction To Fuel Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on the assessment of fuel additive effects on combustion behavior in CI engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel blends

et al. 2015

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7Development in transport technology is not only one of the major issues but also the demand 8 increases with population growth that forces to increase the number of vehicles, which in-turns 9 increase the emissions resulting in global warming. The world's present transportation systems are 10 greatly dependent on petroleum which depletes rapidly due to limited reserves of fossil fuel. In 11 addition, transportation is responsible for more than 25 percent of the world's greenhouse gas 12 (GHG) emissions, and this share is rising which is a threat for future. As an alternative, biodiesel 13 has drawing attention due to its renewability, biodegradability, high conductivity, sulfur content, 14 flash point, aromatic content, increased lubricity etc. with less carbon monoxide and carbon 15 dioxide emission. On the other hand, as the viscosity of biodiesel is greater than diesel due to its 16 large molecular mass and chemical structure, problems like pumping, combustion, atomization in biodiesel fuelled engines are much less than gasoline, NOX emissions increases significantly. The 20 adjustment of ignition delay in the premixed combustion phase, faster rate of fuel burn, advanced 21 start of combustion, low radiation heat transfer and variable adiabatic flame temperature is mainly 22 responsible for NOX formation and other emissions. Hence fuel additives may play an important 23 role to make up the problems and meet up various specified standards. Researchers have used a 24 lot of additives to improve the quality of biodiesel such as metal based additives, oxygenated 25 additives, cetane improver, ignition promoter, cold flow improvers, antioxidants and lubricity 26 improvers etc. This literature review characterizes the combustion behavior of diesel engine 27 fuelled by diesel, biodiesel and its blends including additives. It was found that combustion 28 characteristics were improved introducing additives with diesel and biodiesel blends, while 29 exhaust emission also reduced.30

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Section: Introduction To Fuel Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on the assessment of fuel additive effects on combustion behavior in CI engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel blends

et al. 2015

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“…In this regard, a typical manganese concentration of 0.0165 g/L of gasoline enhanced the anti-knock index by 0.5–1.0 units, depending on the gasoline composition. In Russia, 0.050 g Mn/L was established as the maximum allowed concentration . Initially, MMT was meant to be used as a supplement to lead alkyl compounds, especially in paraffinic fuels .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, manganese is responsible for wear and fouling, which pose detrimental effects on engine deposits, and it is suspected to be a strong neurotoxin and respiratory toxin . For all these reasons, MMT ended up being either prohibited or strongly limited for standard motor gasoline in most territories worldwide. ,, Concerning aviation gasoline, ASTM working group 69284 is discussing the specification of an unleaded test fuel containing MMT with an appropriate scavenger coadditive, but balloting is not yet concluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Octane Booster Molecules for Modern Gasoline Composition

et al. 2021

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In the framework of reducing GHG emissions and accelerating the decarbonization of the road transport sector, vehicle efficiency is a key factor for competitiveness. In this sense, the refining industry can make its contribution by reformulating high-octane petrol fuel. The impact of this type of gasoline from CO2 emission balance, technical feasibility, and economics standpoints has recently been assessed by the petroleum industry with promising results, and new potential boosters that could improve the octane number of standard gasoline are more needed than ever. The present work summarizes a comprehensive review aimed at collecting available data regarding chemical molecules that can be used in advanced gasoline formulations for modern spark-ignited car engines focusing on ash-free technologies. Potential boosters are divided into two categories: high-octane gasoline components and octane enhancer additives, with 2 vol % the considered frontier concentration between them. Targeted chemical compounds examined in the screening for high-octane components include isoparaffins, olefins, aromatics, alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, furans, and carbonates. Chemical families assessed as additives were anilines, hydrazines, amines, pyridines, quinolines, indoles, N-nitrosamines, iodine compounds, selenium compounds, phenols, formates, oxalates, and, in lesser extension, other families. The scope of the analysis includes not only anti-knock effectiveness but also associated side effects for the engine, possible effects on both human health and the environment, current applications, and compatibility with existing infrastructure, among others. Promising opportunities in the medium- and long-terms for every family of chemical compounds that can potentially improve the anti-knock character of modern gasolines well beyond current specifications worldwide are presented. Furthermore, a few chemical families are identified as the most promising ones to be used in future gasoline formulations, either as high-octane components (such as ethers, ketones, and esters) or as octane booster additives (such as anilines, N-nitrosamines, and phenols).

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“…These compounds are known for their higher octane number, which allows a boost in combustibility and the reduction of CO 2 emissions, when added to gasolines. Due to the discontinuation of lead-based additives, the production of oxygenated compounds as gradually become higher, and with it a growing number of processes in which alkanes and alcohols coexist has emerged. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Separation of n-Heptane + Ethanol Azeotropic Mixtures Combining Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate with Different Inorganic Salts

Oliveira

Dohrn

Rebelo

et al. 2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this work, the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, [C2MIM][Ac], was combined with the inorganic salts (ISs) ammonium acetate, [NH4][Ac], ammonium chloride, [NH4]Cl, and ammonium thiocyanate, [NH4][SCN], and used as an extraction solvent for the separation of the azeotropic mixture of n-heptane + ethanol. The liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) of the ternary mixtures of n-heptane + ethanol + IL or IL-IS was experimentally measured at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa. The feasibility of the extraction solvents was assessed by the distribution coefficient and the selectivity. The results showed that the extraction solvents studied can be suitable candidates for the separation of ethanol from n-heptane. Additionally, we show that the solubilization of ISs in the IL can greatly increase the selectivity of the latter, while no significant impact on the distribution coefficient is verified. Moreover, the distribution coefficient values obtained for the [C2MIM][Ac] and its mixtures with ISs are the highest among neat ILs tested so far for the azeotropic mixture in study. The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data were correlated using the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) excess Gibbs free energy model.

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Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

A comprehensive review on the assessment of fuel additive effects on combustion behavior in CI engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel blends

A comprehensive review on the assessment of fuel additive effects on combustion behavior in CI engine fuelled with diesel biodiesel blends

New Octane Booster Molecules for Modern Gasoline Composition

Improving the Separation of n-Heptane + Ethanol Azeotropic Mixtures Combining Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate with Different Inorganic Salts

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