Klebsiella Phage vB_KleM-RaK2 — A Giant Singleton Virus of the Family Myoviridae

Šimoliūnas, Eugenijus; Kalinienė, Laura; Truncaitė, Lidija; Zajančkauskaitė, Aurelija; Staniulis, J.; Kaupinis, Algirdas; Ger, Marija; Valius, Mindaugas; Meškys, Rolandas

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060717

Cited by 59 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…This was followed by identification of proteins having domains with structure-related roles and also by protein analysis using mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The identification of phage structural homologs was supported by structural proteomic analysis data that had previously been conducted on other Rak2-like phages, namely GAP32 and Rak2 (Šimolūnas et al, 2013; Abbasifar et al, 2014). Using this approach, it was possible to predict 65 gene products with structural roles (excluding the terminase proteins as well as the PhoH and ssDNA binding protein of Rak2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…It has been reported that the Rak2-like phages possess a number of proteins that are homologous to those found within the superfamily of T4-like phages (Šimolūnas et al, 2013; Abbasifar et al, 2014). Total protein comparisons of phages CBB, GAP32, PEBEC04, RAK2 with phage T4 (NC_000866) and phage KVP40 (NC_005083.2) show that they share 41 homologous proteins with T4 (14.75% of the total proteins of T4) and 46 homologous proteins with KVP40 (12.07% of the total proteins of KVP40) at BLASTP cut value of 75%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NC_019526). The former three phages, GAP32, PBECO4, and Rak2 are recent discoveries, and their genomes have only been presented within the last 3 years (Kim et al, 2013; Šimolūnas et al, 2013; Abbasifar et al, 2014). These phages share a number of protein homologs with the T4-like phages, but they lack a number of universal core proteins found among the Myoviridae subfamily of Tevenvirinae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB

et al. 2017

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Enterobacteria phage vB_PcaM_CBB is a “jumbo” phage belonging to the family Myoviridae. It possesses highly atypical whisker-like structures along the length of its contractile tail. It has a broad host range with the capability of infecting species of the genera Erwinia, Pectobacterium, and Cronobacter. With a genome of 355,922 bp, excluding a predicted terminal repeat of 22,456 bp, phage CBB is the third largest phage sequenced to date. Its genome was predicted to encode 554 ORFs with 33 tRNAs. Based on prediction and proteome analysis of the virions, 29% of its predicted ORFs could be functionally assigned. Protein comparison shows that CBB shares between 33–38% of its proteins with Cronobacter phage GAP32, coliphages PBECO4 and 121Q as well as Klebsiella phage vB_KleM_Rak2. This work presents a detailed and comparative analysis of vB_PcaM_CBB of a highly atypical jumbo myoviridae phage, contributing to a better understanding of phage diversity and biology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB

et al. 2017

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“…Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from commonly used antibiotic is reported in different studies [14]. Phage SA, isolated against target bacteria showed a narrow host range which is a hallmark characteristic of bacteriophages as reported in different studies [15,16]. A phage cocktail containing a combination of different phages is a possible solution where multiple types of bacteria can cause an infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Lytic SA Phage Demonstrate Bactericidal Activity against Mastitis Causing Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2016

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Staphylococcus aureus is the major causative agent of mastitis among dairy animals as it causes intramammary gland infection. Due to antibiotic resistance and contamination of antibiotics in the milk of diseased animals; alternative therapeutic agents are required to cure mastitis. Lytic bacteriophages and their gene products can be potential therapeutic agents against bacteria as they are host specific and less harmful than antibiotics. In this study, Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from milk samples of the infected animals and identified biochemically. SA phage was isolated from sewage water showing lytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The highest lytic activity of bacteriophages was observed at 37°C and pH 7, and the most suitable storage condition was at 4°C. SA phage efficiently reduced bacterial growth in the bacterial reduction assay. The characterization and bacterial growth reduction activity of the bacteriophages against Staphylococcus aureus signifies their underlying potential of phage therapy against mastitis.

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“…The large (346,602-bp) genome of bacteriophage K64-1 exhibited homology to a giant Klebsiella-infecting myovirus, bacteriophage vB_KleM-RaK2 (24). DNA sequences and virion morphology revealed that ⌽K64-1 is a member of the Myoviridae family, which belongs to the Caudovirales, an order of viruses also known as tailed bacteriophages with double-stranded DNA genomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

Pan

Lin

Chen

et al. 2017

J Virol

130

111

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The genome of the multihost bacteriophage ⌽K64-1, capable of infecting Klebsiella capsular types K1, K11, K21, K25, K30, K35, K64, and K69, as well as new capsular types KN4 and KN5, was analyzed and revealed that 11 genes (S1-1, S1-2, S1-3, S2-1, S2-2, S2-3, S2-4, S2-5, S2-6, S2-7, and S2-8) encode proteins with amino acid sequence similarity to tail fibers/spikes or lyases. S2-5 previously was shown to encode a K64 capsule depolymerase (K64dep). Specific capsule-degrading activities of an additional eight putative capsule depolymerases (S2-4 against K1, S1-1 against K11, S1-3 against K21, S2-2 against K25, S2-6 against K30/K69, S2-3 against K35, S1-2 against KN4, and S2-1 against KN5) was demonstrated by expression and purification of the recombinant proteins. Consistent with the capsular type-specific depolymerization activity of these gene products, phage mutants of S1-2, S2-2, S2-3, or S2-6 lost infectivity for KN4, K25, K35, or K30/K69, respectively, indicating that capsule depolymerase is crucial for infecting specific hosts. In conclusion, we identified nine functional capsule depolymerase-encoding genes in a bacteriophage and correlated activities of the gene products to all ten hosts of this phage, providing an example of type-specific host infection mechanisms in a multihost bacteriophage.IMPORTANCE We currently identified eight novel capsule depolymerases in a multihost Klebsiella bacteriophage and correlated the activities of the gene products to all hosts of this phage, providing an example of carriage of multiple depolymerases in a phage with a wide capsular type host spectrum. Moreover, we also established a recombineering system for modification of Klebsiella bacteriophage genomes and demonstrated the importance of capsule depolymerase for infecting specific hosts. Based on the powerful tool for modification of phage genome, further studies can be conducted to improve the understanding of mechanistic details of Klebsiella phage infection. Furthermore, the newly identified capsule depolymerases will be of great value for applications in capsular typing.KEYWORDS Klebsiella, bacteriophage, capsular type, capsule depolymerase, multiple host T he genus Klebsiella, especially the species Klebsiella pneumoniae, is an important human pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases, including both community and hospital-acquired infections. It is associated with septicemia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections (1, 2) and also is responsible for a globally emerging disease, pyogenic liver abscess complicated with metastatic meningitis and endophthalmitis (3,4).Klebsiella spp. typically display a layer of thick, polysaccharide-based capsule on their surfaces. The expression of diverse capsule structure caused by different sugar compositions and linkages divide them into distinct serotypes. In addition, genetic

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Klebsiella Phage vB_KleM-RaK2 — A Giant Singleton Virus of the Family Myoviridae

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB

Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB

The Lytic SA Phage Demonstrate Bactericidal Activity against Mastitis Causing Staphylococcus aureus

Klebsiella Phage ΦK64-1 Encodes Multiple Depolymerases for Multiple Host Capsular Types

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