Knock down of Caenorhabditis elegans cutc-1 Exacerbates the Sensitivity Toward High Levels of Copper

Calafato, Sara Alouise; Swain, Sarat Chandra; Hughes, Sam; Kille, Peter; Stürzenbaum, Stephen R.

doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfn180

Cited by 34 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Ctr1 and ATP7 (Ccc2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are known as major Cu importer and exporter, respectively, from fungi to mammals (70). Besides, a bacterial CutC homolog was found to be involved in Cu export (71,72). We found that all Cu-utilizing organisms had ATP7 and almost all (94%) had Ctr1 orthologs, revealing a good correspondence between the occurrence of Cu transporters (both importers and exporters) and Cu utilization (supplemental Table S3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

General Trends in Trace Element Utilization Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analyses of Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Se

Zhang

Gladyshev

2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

111

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Trace elements are used by all organisms and provide proteins with unique coordination and catalytic and electron transfer properties. Although many trace element-containing proteins are well characterized, little is known about the general trends in trace element utilization. We carried out comparative genomic analyses of copper, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt (in the form of vitamin B 12 ), and selenium (in the form of selenocysteine) in 747 sequenced organisms at the following levels: (i) transporters and transport-related proteins, (ii) cofactor biosynthesis traits, and (iii) trace element-dependent proteins. Few organisms were found to utilize all five trace elements, whereas many symbionts, parasites, and yeasts used only one or none of these elements. Investigation of metalloproteomes and selenoproteomes revealed examples of increased utilization of proteins that use copper in land plants, cobalt in Dehalococcoides and Dictyostelium, and selenium in fish and algae, whereas nematodes were found to have great diversity of copper transporters. These analyses also characterized trace element metabolism in common model organisms and suggested new model organisms for experimental studies of individual trace elements. Mismatches in the occurrence of user proteins and corresponding transport systems revealed deficiencies in our understanding of trace element biology. Biological interactions among some trace elements were observed; however, such links were limited, and trace elements generally had unique utilization patterns. Finally, environmental factors, such as oxygen requirement and habitat, correlated with the utilization of certain trace elements. These data provide insights into the general features of utilization and evolution of trace elements in the three domains of life.Biological trace elements refer to chemical elements required in minute quantities by an organism (1-3) and include chromium, cobalt, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, and probably several other elements. These trace elements function in different ways. Some are essential components of enzymes where they directly interact with substrates and often facilitate their conversion to products; some donate or accept electrons in reactions of reduction and oxidation; some structurally stabilize biological molecules; and some control biological processes by facilitating the binding of molecules to receptor sites on cell membranes (4).Most biological trace elements are metals. Among them, Fe and Zn are thought to be the most abundant transition metal ions that are used by all organisms (5, 6). Other metals, such as Mn, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Co, are utilized by various metalloproteins in a wide range of organisms in all three domains of life. Additionally, Se, the major metalloid micronutrient, plays roles in various redox and metabolic processes (7-9).The ability of the cell to maintain a specific trace element within a certain homeostatic range is mainly dependent on the processes of uptake, storage, ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

General Trends in Trace Element Utilization Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analyses of Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Se

Zhang

Gladyshev

2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

111

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“…Transcriptional responses are nevertheless highly plastic in C. elegans. Some compounds, such as toxic levels of heavy metals (Calafato et al 2008;Swain et al 2004), can reduce C. elegans survival rates; others, for example quercetin, extend life-span (Pietsch et al 2009). Such responses have, moreover, been linked to specific genes and pathways.…”

Section: Transcriptional Reaction Norms and Abiotic Stress Within A Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of genome-wide transcriptional regulation in the evolution of stress tolerance

Roelofs¹,

Morgan

Stürzenbaum

2010

Evol Ecol

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It is widely recognized that stress plays an important role in directing the adaptive adjustment of an organism to changing environments. However, very little is known about the evolution of mechanisms that promote stress-induced variation. Adaptive transcriptional responses have been implicated in the evolution of tolerance to natural and anthropogenic stressors in the environment. Recent technological advances in transcriptomics provide a mechanistic understanding of biological pathways or processes involved in stress-induced phenotypic change. Furthermore, these studies are (semi) quantitative and provide insight into the reaction norms of identified target genes in response to specific stressors. We argue that plasticity in gene expression reaction norms may be important in the evolution of stress tolerance and adaptation to environmental stress. This review highlights the consequences of transcriptional plasticity of stress responses within a single generation and concludes that gene promoters containing a TATA box are more capable of rapid and variable responses than TATA-less genes. In addition, the consequences of plastic transcriptional responses to stress over multiple generations are discussed. Based on examples from the literature, we show that constitutive over expression of specific stress response genes results in stress adapted phenotypes. However, organisms with an innate capacity to buffer stress display plastic transcriptional responses. Finally, we call for an improved integration of the concept of phenotypic plasticity with studies that focus on the regulation of transcription.

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“…Previous reports have identified that stress and toxicosis can have a marked effect on egg laying (time to first egg), duration of reproductive period or total offspring number (Calafato et al 2008;Hughes et al 2009;Lagido et al 2009). CC, TC, NC and bio-electrosprayed animals (BES) all developed synchronous production of between 250 and 300 eggs, a value that is in agreement with the published literature.…”

Section: Genomic Genetic and Reproductive Effects Of Bio-electrospramentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-electrospraying the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : studying whole-genome transcriptional responses and key life cycle parameters

Mongkoldhumrongkul

Swain

Jayasinghe

et al. 2009

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Bio-electrospray, the direct jet-based cell handling approach, is able to handle a wide range of cells (spanning immortalized, primary to stem cells). Studies at the genomic, genetic and the physiological levels have shown that, post-treatment, cellular integrity is unperturbed and a high percentage (more than 70%, compared with control) of cells remain viable. Although, these results are impressive, it may be argued that cell-based systems are oversimplistic. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the bio-electrospray technology using sensitive and dynamically developing multi-cellular organisms that share, at least some, similarities with multi-cell microenviorments encountered with tissues and organs. This study addressed this issue by using a well-characterized model organism, the non-parasitic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematode cultures were subjected to bio-electrospraying and compared with positive (heat shock) and negative controls (appropriate laboratory culture controls). Overall, bio-electrospraying did not modulate the reproductive output or induce significant changes in in vivo stress-responsive biomarkers (heat shock proteins). Likewise, whole-genome transcriptomics could not identify any biological processes, cellular components or molecular functions (gene ontology terms) that were significantly enriched in response to bio-electrospraying. This demonstrates that bio-electrosprays can be safely applied directly to nematodes and underlines its potential future use in the creation of multi-cellular environments within clinical applications.

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Knock down of Caenorhabditis elegans cutc-1 Exacerbates the Sensitivity Toward High Levels of Copper

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

General Trends in Trace Element Utilization Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analyses of Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Se

General Trends in Trace Element Utilization Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analyses of Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, and Se

The significance of genome-wide transcriptional regulation in the evolution of stress tolerance

Bio-electrospraying the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans : studying whole-genome transcriptional responses and key life cycle parameters

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