Knowledge and Attitudes of Hospital-Based Physicians and Trainees About HIV Infection in the United States, Canada, India, and Thailand

Brachman, Philip S.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.; Cetron, Martín S.; Jacob, Moire S.; Boonitt, Bannasit; Wongsrichanalai, Jirasak; Keystone, Jay S.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1996.00440070085010

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The data in the current study support the assertion that the more the contact with PLWA, and the higher the knowledge base of these workers, the more willing the staff would be to offer care. This finding is similar to results from previous work by Brachman et al (30) which showed that the level of comfort in caring for HIV-infected patients and HIV/AIDS knowledge scores varied directly with the amount of previous contact with these patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about HIV/AIDS-related issues, and the sources of knowledge among health care professionals in southern Nigeria

Umeh

Essien

Ezedinachi

et al. 2008

Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health

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The HIV/AIDS pandemic has become one of the most important public health problems in recent times and it is having a profound impact on the lives of infected people and their families. There is an acknowledged burden of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. As the prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection rises, health care professionals worldwide can expect greater clinical exposure to infected patients.Aims: The care of people living with AIDS presents a significant challenge to the health care sector. This study seeks to explore the relationship between sources of HIV/AIDS information and knowledge, and the relationship between knowledge of HIV/AIDS and care for people with AIDS among health care providers in three different levels of health care institutions in the Southern region of Nigeria.Mehods: Health care workers from two states in southern Nigeria completed a questionnaire that was designed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices about HIV/AIDS. The sample was composed of 277 (65%) females and 135 (31.7%) males. Results: The results showed a fair level of knowledge among all health care professionals, with the highest knowledge among the doctors and the lowest among laboratory workers. There was a significant gender difference in the level of knowledge but the data suggested that knowledge did not differ by hospital settings. There were generally negative feelings and views about the care of HIV/AIDS patients among the professionals, these views being worst at the Community Health Centers and best at the Government Hospital. The greatest source of information for the majority of professionals was health talks/seminars, and those respondents who got their information from school scored the highest on the items on general knowledge of HIV/AIDS incidence, cause, transmission, and clinical treatment.Conclusions: The study showed a fair level of knowledge among all health care professionals, with the highest knowledge among the doctors and the lowest among laboratory workers and a significant gender difference in the level of knowledge, though the data suggested that this did not Correspondence to: E. James Essien.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about HIV/AIDS-related issues, and the sources of knowledge among health care professionals in southern Nigeria

Umeh

Essien

Ezedinachi

et al. 2008

Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health

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“…Most literature supports that even though there may be specific areas of strength, there are gaps of HIV knowledge in: general populations [11], medical students [12,13], and healthcare workers [9,14-17]. Comparing knowledge levels between different studies has some limitations due to different questionnaire designs, but some comparisons are possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of HIV and factors associated with attitudes towards HIV among final-year medical students at Hanoi medical university in Vietnam

2014

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BackgroundThe success of HIV care strongly depends upon skills of the healthcare worker. Vietnam has a punitive history towards HIV and even though this has changed recently, persons living with HIV are still facing discrimination. The objective of this paper is to assess the gaps in knowledge of HIV and factors associated with discriminatory attitudes towards persons living with HIV among medical students in order to improve medical training.MethodsIn a cross-sectional quantitative study using a structured questionnaire, 200 final-year medical students at Hanoi Medical University were approached for data collection in May of 2012. Descriptive statistics (percentages) were used to present four HIV knowledge tests. Linear regression models were examined to highlight factors that are associated with general attitudes towards HIV and attitudes towards HIV in a clinical setting.ResultsAlthough students performed overall well in the knowledge category of HIV discrimination and stigma, there were several gaps in knowledge of HIV, including the categories of HIV-related basic sciences, prevention, and care and treatment. Knowledge of stigma and discrimination was a significant positive predictor of General non-prejudicial attitude to HIV and AIDS (β = 0.186, P < 0.01) and Non-discriminatory attitude to HIV and AIDS at work (β = 0.188, P < 0.01). Training on methadone treatment was found to be a significant positive predictor (β = 0.168, P < 0.05) while family size was negatively associated (β = -0.170, P < 0.05) with General non-prejudicial attitude to HIV and AIDS.ConclusionsThe study suggests a need for incorporating HIV training into the core curricula for medical students. As persons who inject drugs carry a proportionately high burden of HIV in Vietnam, it is also important to include methadone training for students.

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“…Cross-cultural studies of the psychological processes triggered by HIV infection suggest that people of different backgrounds cope with HIV and AIDS according to their own social mores and cultural traditions. As illustrated in a comparative analysis of health care providers in the United States, Canada, India, and Thailand (Brachman et al, 1996), health professionals in some locales have a limited knowledge of HIV diagnostic issues and have little experience working with patients with HIV and AIDS. The cultural context of those infected (as well as of the providers) must be addressed in order to improve both prevention and treatment efforts.…”

Section: Psychology Of Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children and Adolescents Living with HIV and AIDS: A Review

Brown

Lourie

Pao

2000

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Worldwide, more than one million children are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in the United States it has become the sixth leading cause of death among 15-24-year-olds. Despite the trend of increasing rates of infection, advances in therapies have led to survival past 5 years of age for more than 65% of infected children. This global health threat will therefore continue to have a significant impact on child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology. This paper reviews current studies and reports on the consequences of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the psychiatric care and development of children and adolescents infected by HIV. From a search of all the English-language-based literature on pediatric AIDS, 140 studies are reviewed which address HIV infection and its psychological and social implications. Several topics of mental health significance are examined: (1) the epidemiology of HIV, (2) neurocognitive development among those infected, (3) psychological impact of infection, and (4) the family and social context of HIV. The transition of HIV from an acute, lethal disease to a subacute, chronic disease has enormous implications for the neurocognitive and psychosocial development of children and families. As children and adolescents infected with HIV continue to live longer, normal developmental milestones and educational needs will take on new significance. Many children will continue to be adversely impacted by non-HIV factors such as poverty, inadequate medical services, and a lack of social support. This review outlines recent developments that hold promise to effectively reduce the treatment burden on the infected, their families, and health care providers and to decrease the incidence of transmission to the uninfected.

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Knowledge and Attitudes of Hospital-Based Physicians and Trainees About HIV Infection in the United States, Canada, India, and Thailand

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about HIV/AIDS-related issues, and the sources of knowledge among health care professionals in southern Nigeria

Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about HIV/AIDS-related issues, and the sources of knowledge among health care professionals in southern Nigeria

Knowledge of HIV and factors associated with attitudes towards HIV among final-year medical students at Hanoi medical university in Vietnam

Children and Adolescents Living with HIV and AIDS: A Review

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