Knowledge and Perspectives of Domestic Violence Service Providers about Survivors with Mental Health Disability

Mengo, Cecilia; Beaujolais, Brieanne; Kulow, Emily; Ramirez, Rachel; Brown, Alexandra; Nemeth, Julianna M.

doi:10.1007/s10896-019-00053-3

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition to our needs assessment findings leading to the development of CARE and the CARE tools, 2,31,32 others have noted that providers serving DV survivors, and survivors themselves, may not know the signs and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Needs assessment activities with DVSO providers and survivors accessing services, conducted in 2017, led to our discovery of a discrepancy between providers' perception of the potential impact of brain injury on survivors' ability to access advocacy services and the pervasive exposure to incidents of head trauma, including strangulation, that can cause brain injury and comorbid mental health concerns among the population. 2,31 Providers acknowledged having limited knowledge about TBI and HAI or little known experience working with survivors with TBI or HAI, although expressed a growing realization that brain injury was likely present among DV survivors, with its impact on survivors' service access, recovery, and healing going unrecognized. Providers, including executive leaders, case managers, and resident, and court-based and community advocates, were willing to address head injury and strangulation with survivors; however, they realized they needed materials that could be used in advocacy practice to explain the connections between DV, head trauma, strangulation, brain injury, and mental health to survivors, including symptoms and warning signs, in lay language.…”

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confidence: 99%

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How CARE Tools Are Being Used to Address Brain Injury and Mental Health Struggles With Survivors of Domestic Violence

Kemble

Sucaldito

Kulow

et al. 2022

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

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Introduction: CARE (Connect, Acknowledge, Respond, and Evaluate) is an advocacy framework developed for domestic violence service organization (DVSO) providers to address and accommodate domestic violence (DV) survivors with brain injury and mental health struggles. The CARE tools were designed for use by advocates and include the Just Breathe booklet, the Head Injury education card, and the Invisible Injuries booklet. Objective: The purpose of this study was to report findings on how CARE tools are being used by DVSO providers as well as their impact on DVSO advocacy practice. Methods: Post-CARE retrospective process evaluation online surveys (n = 60) and focus groups (n = 10 groups; 57 advocates) were conducted with consenting staff at 5 DVSOs in Ohio who partnered with the state coalition to develop and evaluate CARE, overseen by a university research partner. Rigorous, iterative coding qualitative analysis methods, endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, were used (Cohen's κ = 0.903 [stage 1] and 0.810 [stage 2]). Results: The use of CARE tools has been integral to DVSO providers' implementation of the CARE advocacy framework. DVSO advocates are using CARE tools to Connect with self, survivors, and other systems; to Acknowledge that head trauma and mental health struggles are common among survivors and that ongoing education and self-care are necessary for advocates. Advocates have been able to provide a more holistic Response through accommodation within DVSOs and referral to other providers, often by using the CARE tools, including the Head Injury education card. Conclusion: CARE tools were designed for lay use to address head trauma, strangulation, and mental health struggles with DV survivors and are free for download at the Center on Partner Inflicted Brain Injury website: https://www.odvn.org/brain-injury. More widespread use of these tools by advocates has the potential to improve services for DV survivors and address what have historically been invisible injuries and mental health struggles in the population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How CARE Tools Are Being Used to Address Brain Injury and Mental Health Struggles With Survivors of Domestic Violence

Kemble

Sucaldito

Kulow

et al. 2022

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

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“…39 A qualitative study of staff at domestic violence agencies noted that violent perpetrators specifically targeted individuals with psychiatric conditions who they perceived as more vulnerable. 40 Schizophre nia is also associated with social isolation and limited support systems, which may increase vulnerability to entering and remaining in violent relationships. [41][42][43] The upper stratum comprises those without a known history of interpersonal violence, and compares 4257 people with schizophrenia to 786 004 people without schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of interpersonal violence during and after pregnancy among people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study

Leslie

Barker

Brown

et al. 2023

CMAJ

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Background: Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence. Little is known about risk specifically around the time of pregnancy. Methods: This population-based cohort study included all individuals (aged 15–49 yr) listed as female on their health cards who had a singleton birth in Ontario, Canada, between 2004 and 2018. We compared those with and without schizophrenia on their risk of an emergency department (ED) visit for interpersonal violence in pregnancy or within 1 year postpartum. We adjusted relative risks (RRs) for demographics, prepregnancy history of substance use disorder and history of interpersonal violence. In a subcohort analysis, we used linked clinical registry data to evaluate interpersonal violence screening and self-reported interpersonal violence during pregnancy. Results: We included 1 802 645 pregnant people, 4470 of whom had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Overall, 137 (3.1%) of those with schizophrenia had a perinatal ED visit for interpersonal violence, compared with 7598 (0.4%) of those without schizophrenia, for an RR of 6.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.66–8.37) and an adjusted RR of 3.44 (95% CI 2.86–4.15). Results were similar when calculated separately for the pregnancy (adjusted RR 3.47, 95% CI 2.68–4.51) period and the first year postpartum (adjusted RR 3.45, 95% CI 2.75–4.33). Pregnant people with schizophrenia were equally likely to be screened for interpersonal violence (74.3% v. 73.8%; adjusted RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.95–1.04), but more likely to self-report it (10.2% v. 2.4%; adjusted RR 3.38, 95% CI 2.61–4.38), compared with those without schizophrenia. Among patients who did not self-report interpersonal violence, schizophrenia was associated with an increased risk for a perinatal ED visit for interpersonal violence (4.0% v. 0.4%; adjusted RR 6.28, 95% CI 3.94–10.00). Interpretation: Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of higher risk for interpersonal violence among people with schizophrenia compared with those without schizophrenia. Pregnancy is a key period for implementing violence prevention strategies in this population.

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“…Survivors of IPV often experience multiple types of trauma, including psychological and sexual abuse in addition to physical abuse. Frequent comorbidities include depression and other mood disorders (~48%), PTSD (~64%), and substance use disorders (~9-19% depending on substance; (Golding, 1999;Lagdon, Armour, & Stringer, 2014;Mengo et al, 2020). The chronic, repetitive nature of TBI in IPV-related brain injury also differentiates it from many other patient groups.…”

Section: Suggested Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria For Studies Withimentioning

confidence: 99%

A global collaboration to study intimate partner violence-related head trauma: The ENIGMA consortium IPV working group

Esopenko¹,

Meyer

Wilde

et al. 2021

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Intimate partner violence includes psychological aggression, physical violence, sexual violence, and stalking from a current or former intimate partner. Past research suggests that exposure to intimate partner violence can impact cognitive and psychological functioning, as well as neurological outcomes. These seem to be compounded in those who suffer a brain injury as a result of trauma to the head, neck or body due to physical and/or sexual violence. However, our understanding of the neurobehavioral and neurobiological effects of head trauma in this population is limited due to factors including difficulty in accessing/recruiting participants, heterogeneity of samples, and premorbid and comorbid factors that impact outcomes. Thus, the goal of the Enhancing Neuroimaging and Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium Intimate Partner Violence Working Group is to develop a global collaboration that includes researchers, clinicians, and other key community stakeholders. Participation in the working group can include collecting harmonized data, providing data for meta-and mega-analysis across sites, or stakeholder insight on key clinical research questions, promoting safety, participant recruitment and referral to support services. Further, to facilitate the mega-analysis of data across sites within the working group, we provide suggestions for behavioral surveys, cognitive tests, neuroimaging parameters, and genetics that could be used by investigators in the early stages of study design. We anticipate that the harmonization of measures across sites within the working group prior to data collection could increase the statistical power in characterizing how intimate partner violence-related head trauma impacts long-term physical, cognitive, and psychological health.

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Knowledge and Perspectives of Domestic Violence Service Providers about Survivors with Mental Health Disability

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

How CARE Tools Are Being Used to Address Brain Injury and Mental Health Struggles With Survivors of Domestic Violence

How CARE Tools Are Being Used to Address Brain Injury and Mental Health Struggles With Survivors of Domestic Violence

Risk of interpersonal violence during and after pregnancy among people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study

A global collaboration to study intimate partner violence-related head trauma: The ENIGMA consortium IPV working group

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