Knowledge and prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients after the first and repeated percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective method for the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) that allows for a short hospital stay and fast recovery. It has been shown that PCI is a predictor of nonattendance at cardiac rehabilitation and correlates with poor adherence to lifestyle changes. AIMS The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of education offered during PCI -related hospitalization on knowledge, awareness, and prevalence of self -reported risk factors for CAD. METHODS We collected data using a self -designed 56-item questionnaire. Questions assessed the knowledge of CAD risk factors and the level of their control. The maximal knowledge score was 31 points and the maximal control score, 15 points. RESULTS The study group consisted of 200 consecutive patients undergoing PCI. Patients with a history of PCI performed at least 8 weeks prior to their current hospitalization were included in the prior -PCI group (64%), whereas the pre -PCI group comprised patients with no history of revascularization (36%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) knowledge score was 19 (12.5-23) points in the pre -PCI and 21 (12.5-24) points in the prior -PCI group (P = 0.35). The median (IQR) risk control score was 5 (4.5-7) points in the pre -PCI and 6 (4-8) points in the prior -PCI group (P = 0.4). There was no correlation between the level of knowledge and the actual prevalence of CAD risk factors. We found that 50% of the prior -PCI patients did not attend any rehabilitation, which correlated with poor control of CAD risk factors (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Currently used models of postprocedural education do not have an adequate effect on patient knowledge and do not bring recommended lifestyle changes.

A three-year longitudinal study of healthy lifestyle behaviors and adherence to pharmacological treatments in newly diagnosed patients with acute coronary syndrome: hierarchical linear modeling analyses

“…Our results are in agreement with and greatly extend results from previous studies (e.g., Crowley et al 2015;Kotseva et al 2019;Molloy et al 2014;Peersen et al 2017;Urbinati et al 2014;Wójcicki et al 2020). For example, recent reports suggest that 40-50% of patients with established cardiovascular diseases do not consistently take their recommended medications, suggesting that non-adherence is a common occurrence among these individuals (Crowley et al 2015;Molloy et al 2014).…”

“…For example, recent reports suggest that 40-50% of patients with established cardiovascular diseases do not consistently take their recommended medications, suggesting that non-adherence is a common occurrence among these individuals (Crowley et al 2015;Molloy et al 2014). Wójcicki et al (2020) recently showed that patients with a cardiovascular disease experience insufficient changes in individual lifestyle after a percutaneous coronary intervention, and report an overall poor awareness of the cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, a large European cross-sectional study on 8261 patients interviewed approximately 1 year after their first cardiac event showed that most of them failed to achieve the healthy lifestyle targets set by the Joint European Societies of Cardiology (Kotseva et al 2019).…”

“…However, less than 50% of new AMI cases are prescribed with appropriate secondary prevention treatments at discharge (Tea et al 2018), while the compliance to these regimens tends to decline within 6 months of discharge from hospital (Chow et al 2010;Kotseva et al 2019;Tang et al 2013). In addition, a recent study evidenced that both patients with a history of heart disease or newly diagnosed ones have poor knowledge and awareness of their cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting the need of improving patients' understanding of the disease and their compliance to a cardioprotective lifestyle (Wójcicki et al 2020).…”

Temporal changes in the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease in patients following myocardial revascularization

“…Traditional cardiac rehabilitation programs are less effective for patients with a lower level of education and tend to be less efficient in patients after non-emergency myocardial revascularization compared to subjects with acute coronary syndromes [24,25]. Indeed, several recent initiatives have aimed at improving cardiovascular risk through education-based secondary prevention programs [26][27][28].…”

Knowledge and Prevalence of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

“…According to World Health Organization data, up to 80% of premature CVD-related deaths could be avoided with proper prevention introduced in time [ 2 ]. Previously reported studies have indicated no differences in the level of knowledge about CVD and risk factor control between patients with a history of one or several percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) [ 3 , 4 ]. A short hospitalization period or low awareness about the severity of the disease among patients undergoing fast and convenient procedures might explain this finding.…”