Knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers about complementary feeding for infants aged 6-12 months in Anbar Province, Iraq

Al-Samarrai, Mustafa Ali Mustafa; Al-Rawi, Ru’ya Abdulhadi; Yaseen, Shukur Mahmood; Jadoo, Saad Ahmed Ali

doi:10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.iss1.17

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Concerning breastfeeding, this study reveals a two-fold decrease in breast cancer risk among breastfeeding women (p=0.003), aligning with findings in other studies [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A study of risk factors for breast cancer in Al-Anbar province: a case- control study

Sarhan,

Bardan

2023

jidhealth

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Background: Globally, breast cancer is a widespread malignancy among women, ranking as the second leading cause of female mortality. This study investigates risk factors for breast cancer in AL-Anbar province, Iraq, emphasizing their significance in disease development. Methods: An investigation was carried out at Al-Anbar Cancer Center in Al-Anbar province, Iraq, employing a case-control design. The study comprised 60 confirmed breast cancer cases and 120 controls without breast issues. Data was collected through direct interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire, and subsequent analyses included descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate approaches. Results: About 48.0% aged 41-49, and 25% aged 50-59. Case and control groups were matched in age, but varied in marital, education, occupation, menopausal status. Women with benign breast diseases have a 1.7 times higher breast cancer risk (OR=1.7, CI=0.063-4.53). Positive family history triples the risk (OR=3, CI=1.21-7.80, P=0.002), and the sedentary lifestyle exhibits 5 times higher risk of breast cancer (OR=5.67, CI=2.89-4.13, P < 0.001). Menstrual age, parity, and reproductive factors influence breast cancer risk. Menarche at ≤12 years triples the risk (OR=3.05, CI=1.82-5.05, P<0.001), while menarche at ≥16 decreases it (OR=0.89, CI=0.06-5.12, P<0.001). Nulliparity increases risk 2.1 times (OR=2.1, CI=0.8-4.89, P=0.002), and more live births provide significant protection. Preterm delivery before the eighth month triples the risk (OR=2.9, CI=1.32-6.53, P=0.002). Multiple children prevent breast cancer, while mother's age at first full birth ≥30 raises the risk 3.5 times (OR=3.4, CI=1.45-7.88, P=0.014). Women who never breastfed had a significant twofold higher risk of breast cancer (OR=2, CI=0.8-4.38, P=0.003). Postmenopausal women at ≥50 years faced a threefold higher risk than their counterparts (OR=3.25, CI=1-1.11, P=0.004). Hormonal use showed a marginal risk increase (OR=1.2, CI=0.5-1.8, P<0.001). Conclusion: Breast cancer susceptibility arises from diverse factors like genetics, nutrition, environment, and lifestyle. Effectively managing and preventing breast cancer involves implementing strategic control measures.

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“…Concerning breastfeeding, this study reveals a two-fold decrease in breast cancer risk among breastfeeding women (p=0.003), aligning with findings in other studies [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A study of risk factors for breast cancer in Al-Anbar province: a case- control study

Sarhan,

Bardan

2023

jidhealth

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“…The questionnaire test piloted among 20 respondents not included in the study. Content validation was performed using the content validity rate [24][25][26]. The online questionnaire's first page contained an assurance of the freedom to participate or withdraw and that all information and opinions submitted would be anonymous and confidential.…”

Section: Study Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among Iraqi people: a web-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: Iraq was among the first countries invaded by the novel human coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) after China. This study aimed to assess the Iraqi people's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study recruiting an online self-reported survey conducted from 17-31 July 2020. Data of 877 participants have undergone descriptive, univariate, and multivariable regression analyses, respectively, to assess the differences in mean scores and identify factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward COVID-19. Results: Most of the respondents (78.8%) from the urban region, highly educated (69.7%), aged less than 45 years (61.2%), females (58.3%), married (51.9%), and 74.0% self-ranked health as good. Less than half (45.4%) were employed; however, the average monthly income was USD 400 or more in about 66.8% of them. The mean knowledge, attitude and practice score was 15.57 ± 2.46 (range: 0-20), 38.88 (SD = 3.57, (range: 11-55), and 5.13 (SD = 1.14, range: 0–6), respectively. Findings of regression analysis showed that higher educated (p< 0.001), urban residents (P <0.001), employed (P =0.040), and having an income level of USD 400 or more (P <0.001) were significantly associated with upper knowledge score. Female gender and employed respondents are significantly associated with positive attitude scores, but inversely respondents with an income of USD 400 or more are significantly associated with a negative attitude. Regarding practice score, the female gender and those living in an urban region had better practice, but the young age group (0-44 years) was significantly associated with the weak practice. Conclusion: Although Iraq has adopted a preventive and precautionary plan to control the spread of coronavirus. However, the public's knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19, coupled with the unstable political and security situation, have greatly affected the commitment to preventive measures.

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“…The global strategy for infant and young child feeding [20] acknowledges breastfeeding's significance as the optimal method for feeding infants in their first year, alongside the timely introduction of supplementary foods. Additionally, mounting evidence suggests breastfeeding aids in post-pregnancy maternal health by facilitating the return to normal metabolism and weight loss gained during pregnancy [21,22]. Seeking prompt medical attention for children within 24 hours of illness onset has been shown to have a significant impact on improving disease outcomes [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of factors related to caregivers and children on the IMCI program outcomes in Baghdad City in 2021

Al-Samarrai,

Sahib

2024

jidhealth

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Background: The implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) program has led to enhancement in outcomes for many treatable childhood diseases. This study aims to assess how implementing IMCI affects child mortality and morbidity in Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study spanning from January to December 2021 was carried out at primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) with IMCI units in Baghdad, Iraq. Using a lottery sampling method, 40 PHCCs were randomly chosen from a total of 235 centers across both sides of the city. A universal sampling technique was adopted to select all children attending these PHCCs regularly. With a p-value below 5%, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the significant independent predictors at a 95% confidence interval. Results: The majority of caregivers were mothers (97.8%), aged 20 to 30 years (75.8%), and housewives (59.2%). Sixty percent of children (6 to 35 months) had normal anthropometric measurements. Bottle feeding was common (44.2%), and most children had a normal neonatal history (82.9%). In bivariate analysis, the severity of illness, severe cases of diarrhea, and acute respiratory infection (ARI) showed significant associations with worsened or not improved outcomes (χ2 = 18.900, p < 0.001; χ2 = 6.265, p= 0.016; and χ2 = 7.549, p= 0.003, respectively). However, multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that mild and moderate illness severity (OR = 10.634, 95% CI: 6.985 to 16.192, p < 0.001), strict breastfeeding (OR = 3.307, 95% CI: 1.703 to 6.421, p < 0.001), and completing treatment at home (OR = 6.190, 95% CI: 4.115 to 9.311, p < 0.001) significantly improved outcomes through IMCI services. Conclusion: Severe illness, especially in diarrhea and ARI, correlates with poorer outcomes. Conversely, exclusive breastfeeding, prompt medical attention within a day of illness onset, and completing home treatment are associated with improved outcomes.

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Knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers about complementary feeding for infants aged 6-12 months in Anbar Province, Iraq

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

A study of risk factors for breast cancer in Al-Anbar province: a case- control study

A study of risk factors for breast cancer in Al-Anbar province: a case- control study

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among Iraqi people: a web-based cross-sectional study

Assessment of factors related to caregivers and children on the IMCI program outcomes in Baghdad City in 2021

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