Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Skin Whitening among Female University Students in Northeastern Nigeria

Amodu, Mary Olubisi; Bolori, Mohammed Tahiru; Ahmad, Iftikhar; Kale, Aishwarya Madhukar; Kuchichi, A.

doi:10.4236/oalib.1104501

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Respondents who were highly concerned with their appearance reported more misuse than those who reported a lowmoderate concern. This finding was similar to those of a study [28], which reported that (56.0%) of participants considered skin whitening to be a factor in improving their aesthetic appearance. Another factor in our study was education.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Misuse of Topical Creams Aimed at Preventing and Treating Melasma and Freckles Among Working Women

Khamanarong¹,

Laohasiriwong²,

Sakphisutthikul³

2021

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

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Topical creams used to treat and prevent melasma and freckles contain corticosteroids, hydroquinone, mercury, and retinoic to lighten skin color. Misuse of these products and the rate of adverse effects have increased greatly in recent years. This study aims to assess the misuse of topical cream to prevent and treat melasma and freckles among working women in northeast Thailand. Our population consisted of 1,143 working women in the region aged 30-59 years old. The respondents were recruited from four provinces eight districts using a structured questionnaire distributed via a multi-stage random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to represent and analyze the data. Eight hundred sixty-two (75.42%) of the respondents were users, and 105 (12.18%) had misused the products. The prevalence of misuse of products containing mercury, steroids, hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and mercury plus retinoic acid was 43.8%, 11.43%, 15.24%, 12.38%, and 17.15%, respectively. Factors associated with misuse of this product were age 30-44 years, education level less than a bachelor’s degree, working as a housekeeper or freelancer, presence of melasma and freckles, average monthly income ≤ 15,000 THB and low levels of knowledge and health literacy. Misuse of medication to treat pigmentary disorders is a growing public health concern. Social media and nonprofit campaigns should be implemented to create awareness of these products' misuse and adverse effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Misuse of Topical Creams Aimed at Preventing and Treating Melasma and Freckles Among Working Women

Khamanarong¹,

Laohasiriwong²,

Sakphisutthikul³

2021

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

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“…Most of the participants knew that skin-whitening products can cause adverse side-effects (88%). In alignment with study conducted in University of Al-gezira (7) in Sudan, and another one in Nigeria (10) . That indicates that people generally know that skin-whitening can cause adverse side-effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…(81.8%) of the participants had poor knowledge regarding skin-whitening agents .Which is even a higher percentage than what was found in university students in Nigeria (56.1%). (10) This might be due to the fact that Nigeria is a leading country in manufacturing skin-whitening products, unlike Sudan, therefor knowledge about this matter is higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Skin Whitening Products, Among Sudanese Undergraduate Females, 2021.

Khalil

2022

Preprint

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Objectives: The knowledge, attitude and practice of skin-whitening products among female undergraduates in the medical campus, University of Khartoum.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the medical campus of University of Khartoum. All consenting female undergraduates were included in the study population. 417 women were chosen through proportional stratified random sampling, and were asked to complete a questionnaire.365 completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 87%. Result: 365 women completed the questionnaire, of whom 52% had average knowledge, 32% had poor knowledge and 16% had excellent knowledge,.32% had a positive attitude, and 38% reported using skin-whitening products.Knowledge, attitude and practice were associated with several factors.Conclusion : Although The overall knowledge about skin-whitening products is average. The knowledge about skin-whitening agents is rather poor. The majority of Sudanese University students have a negative attitude towards skin-whitening, but still the use of skin-whiteners is common amongst them .. Women who feel pressured by society to whiten their skin, are more likely to use skin-whiteners, as well as those who have a family history of skin-whitening. Media and social media play an important role in this matter, being the most important source of information and the most common factor pressuring women to lighten their skin as well. We recommend media and social to be used to promote the acceptance of dark skin and raise awareness about the safe practice of skin whitening. We also recommend that the Ministry of Health and Standards and Metrology Authority mandate the labeling of all products sold in Sudan detailing ingredients and concentrations of ingredients.

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“…Pharmacists can play an important role towards minimizing adverse drug reactions (AD through promoting proper counseling, improve the situation [16]. About 38% of the users referred to leaflet to obtain information it was only about 21% in a Nigerian study [17] ( Table 2).…”

Section: Studies Conducted In Various Countries Includingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacists can play an important role towards minimizing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) through promoting proper counseling, and the situation [16]. About 38% of the to obtain information, but it was only about 21% in a Nigerian study [17] Once or twice daily use of clobetasol cream was as reflected in a previous study [15] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Studies Conducted In Various Countries Includingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Topical Clobetasol among the Women in Hail Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge and Practice

Ansari

Palaian

Ibrahim

et al. 2019

JPRI

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Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate female consumers’ knowledge and practice about harmful effects of topical clobetasol applied on the face for cosmetic purposes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Randomly selected community pharmacies, well known cosmetic shops and shopping malls of Hail region, Saudi Arabia from March 2018 to June 2018. Methodology: We included 391 participants who only used ‘clobetasol’ as a topical steroid at the time of interview, responses were collected as per the study tool and analyzed using SPSS for Windows, Version 16.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.. Results: Relatives (28.1%), friends (25.6%) and community pharmacists (15.6%) contributed significantly towards using topical clobetasol cream. In 86.2% of the cases, the pharmacists who dispensed clobetasol did not inform the consumer about the harmful effects. Purchasing the cream without prescription (P = 0.025) was significantly associated with age. In the study, 41.9 % of the females experienced adverse effects, with the commonest one being hair growth on face (23%) followed by dermatrophy (14.8%); with a significant association with frequency of use (p<0.001). Conclusion: There was haphazard use of topical clobetasol by females and they were unaware of the adverse effects. Over-the-counter availability of topical clobetasol, lack of knowledge about harmful effects, and lack of counseling on its safety profile by community pharmacists and other healthcare professionals are mainly responsible for its misuse and harmful consequences.

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Skin Whitening among Female University Students in Northeastern Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Misuse of Topical Creams Aimed at Preventing and Treating Melasma and Freckles Among Working Women

Misuse of Topical Creams Aimed at Preventing and Treating Melasma and Freckles Among Working Women

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Skin Whitening Products, Among Sudanese Undergraduate Females, 2021.

The Use of Topical Clobetasol among the Women in Hail Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge and Practice

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