Knowledge, attitude and practices of Swiss dairy farmers towards intramammary antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance: A latent class analysis

Schwendner, Anna Alita; Lam, T.J.G.M.; Bodmer, Michèle; Cousin, Marie Eve; Schüpbach‐Regula, Gertraud; Borne, B.H.P. van den

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105023

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the present study, 28.9% of the animal producers disagreed that their irrational AMU in animal production could affect the health of others in the form of AMR. Unlike our finding, 63.7% of the dairy farmers in Swiss [ 25 ] and 95% of livestock farmers in Vietnam [ 16 ] agreed that imprudent AMU in animal production poses a potential risk to public health. A larger proportion (60%) than our finding, the turkey and rabbit farmers in Italy [ 26 ] were negatively perceived that AMR occurs when antimicrobials are used in humans only.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the majority (56.7%) of the farmers had the trend of using AMU guidelines/regulations. Higher than the current finding, 70% of the livestock farmers in Ethiopia [ 12 ], 93% of animal producers in Vietnam [ 16 ], and 80.3% of the dairy producers in Swiss [ 25 ] had the practice of using treatment protocol or AMU guidelines. On the contrary, 66.7% of the farmers in different regions of Thailand [ 14 ] were using antimicrobials for viral treatment without considering the recommended use of antimicrobials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In the current study, 35.9% of the animal producers disagreed with the importance of AMU governance for the reduction of AMR development. Comparable to this, 34.2% of the animal producers in Vietnam [ 16 ] and 28.6% of the dairy farmers in Swiss [ 25 ] didn’t agree with the contribution of AMU governance in the reduction of AMR formation. On the contrary, 57.5% of the livestock farmers in Vietnam [ 16 ] agreed that AMU governance in animal production is a crucial application to mitigate AMR development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Knowledge, attitude and practice of animal producers towards antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in Oromia zone, north eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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Antimicrobial resistance is the failure of antimicrobial’s effect against the growth and multiplication of microorganisms. Imprudent and over antimicrobial use (AMU) aggravates antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antimicrobials are massively used in animal production as compared with AMU in human health sectors. This research was done with the objective of assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) status of animal producers towards AMU and AMR. A Cross-sectional study design and questionnaire were conducted and both qualitative and quantitative data analyses were used. The logistic regression was used to test the effect of each predictor variable on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participants. Out of 571 animal producers, the majority (80.2%) of them were not knowledgeable and 85.3% of the animal producers had a negative attitude towards the AMU and AMR. Likewise, the practice of 78.5% of the animal producers were practice improperly towards AMU and AMR. All the questions that were designed to assess the KAP of the animal producers were significantly associated (P<0.05) with each respective category of KAP. The educational status of animal producers was negatively correlated (OR = 0.38) with all their knowledge, attitude, and practice of AMU and AMR, but sex has a positive correlation (OR = 2.89) with both the knowledge and practice of animal producers. In conclusion, the animal producers in the Oromia zone had unsatisfactory knowledge regarding AMU and AMR. The animal producer’s attitude and their practices were negative and improper respectively. As a result, consecutive awareness creation on both AMU and AMR is recommended and integrated AMU governance in animal production is recommended to be applied.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Knowledge, attitude and practice of animal producers towards antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in Oromia zone, north eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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“…Prior research indicates that farmers are less willing to modify their management practices if they do not see or accept the negative implications of their current behavior ( 46 ). Consistent with previous studies in different settings, most farmers considered themselves low users of antimicrobials ( 24 , 47 ), indicating that they do not perceive themselves as part of the AMR problem. It would be useful to understand the magnitude of the gap between farmers' perceived and actual AMU by comparing this estimate with AMU data in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A Focus Group Study of Canadian Dairy Farmers' Attitudes and Social Referents on Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance

et al. 2021

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As part of broader actions to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), health authorities have promoted the reduction of antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals. Farmers' attitudes and receptivity to reduction of AMU appear to be variable and context specific. Our research objectives were to gain insight into Canadian dairy farmers' attitudes toward AMU, AMR, and AMU-reduction in the dairy industry, and to explore drivers and barriers to change AMU, including the influence of social referents. We conducted seven focus groups with 42 farmers in two provinces of Canada (New Brunswick and Ontario) and used thematic analysis to identify, analyze, and report patterns in the data. Our results indicate that farmers usually rely on their previous experience and judgement of individual cases of disease when making decisions related to AMU. External referents included other farmers, family members, and veterinarians. However, veterinarians were generally only consulted for unusual cases. Participants in this study expressed that maintaining cattle welfare is their responsibility, and that they were not willing to jeopardize animal welfare in order to reduce AMU. In addition, farmers regarded the cost of investment in improved facilities to prevent disease as an important barrier to reduce AMU. Finally, the majority of participants considered themselves to be low users of antimicrobials and perceived a small role of AMU on dairy farms in AMR. In conclusion, farmers from this study showed self-reliance to decide about AMU on their farms and considered animal-related and economic factors in these decisions. There was a general lack of knowledge of how to reduce AMU without investing in facilities, and there is an opportunity to motivate increased involvement of the veterinarian in AMU-related decisions. These results should be considered to design and refine antimicrobial stewardship programs for dairy farms.

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“…In the field of veterinary medicine, AMR may represent both a public health concern and a zoo-economic issue for food animal production systems. Indeed, the increasing resistance in foodborne zoonotic bacteria and clinical pathogens [ 4 ], together with the issue of the frequent administration of antimicrobials in dairy production [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], have led to AMR surveillance becoming a necessity. In particular, identifying the development of resistance through analyses of longitudinal AMR data is required to provide insights into temporal relationships [ 8 ], rather than limiting the analyses of prevalence to a single point in time [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Dairy Calves: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis and Comparison of Treated and Untreated Animals

Formenti

Martinelli

Vitale

et al. 2021

Animals

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The health problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) involves several species. AMR surveillance is essential to identify its development and design control strategies; however, available data are still limited in some contexts. The AMR profiles of 2612 E. coli strains isolated over a period of 15 years (2002–2016) from calf enteric cases were analyzed to determine the presence of resistance and their temporal dynamics. Furthermore, the AMR profiles and the presence of the major virulence genes of 505 E. coli strains isolated from 1-week- and 2-week-old calves, 406 treated with antimicrobials and 99 untreated, were analyzed and compared to investigate the potential effects of treatment on AMR and strain pathogenicity. Resistance to tetracycline (90.70%) was the most common, followed by resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (77.70%) and flumequine (72.10%). The significantly higher percentage of AMR and virulence gene expression recorded in treated calves, combined with the statistically higher resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim in E. coli with K99, corroborates the notion of resistance being induced by the frequent use of antimicrobials, leading to treatments potentially becoming ineffective. The significantly higher resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, and florfenicol in isolates from 1-week-old calves suggests the role of the environment as a source of contamination that should be investigated further.

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Knowledge, attitude and practices of Swiss dairy farmers towards intramammary antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance: A latent class analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Knowledge, attitude and practice of animal producers towards antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in Oromia zone, north eastern Ethiopia

Knowledge, attitude and practice of animal producers towards antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in Oromia zone, north eastern Ethiopia

A Focus Group Study of Canadian Dairy Farmers' Attitudes and Social Referents on Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Dairy Calves: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis and Comparison of Treated and Untreated Animals

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