Knowledge, attitudes, practices and risk perception of rural poultry farmers in Cameroon to antimicrobial use and resistance

Moffo, Frédéric; Mouiche, Mohamed Moctar Mouliom; Kochivi, Fabrice Landjekpo; Dongmo, Jarvis Bouna; Djomgang, Hervé Kapnang; Tombe, Patchely; Mbah, Cleophas Kahtita; Mapiefou, Nabilah Pemi; Mingoas, Jean-Pierre Kilekoung; Awah-Ndukum, Julius

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105087

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…First, the self-reported observance of prudent AMU and AMR-related practises are limited. These results are not unexpected given that such practises appear to be widespread in agricultural communities throughout LMICs (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)38) and are concerning given the links between AMU and the emergence and transmission of AMR (40). Second, there is a disconnect between the KAP concerning prudent AMU and AMR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Results of KAP studies provide support for the first assumption behind awareness-raising campaigns-that gaps exist in awareness and knowledge of AMR and prudent AMUbut provide more mixed support for the second assumptionthat increases in awareness will promote behaviour change. In terms of the former, KAP surveys across public health and agricultural sectors find that awareness of AMR is often limited and non-prudent practises common, particularly in LMICs where antimicrobials are often bought over the counter without a prescription (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). However, in questioning the second assumption, these studies also find that awareness levels are not significantly associated with practises at the individual level (6,9,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The assumptions supporting AMR awareness efforts can be assessed through results of knowledge, attitudes, and practises (KAP) surveys (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). KAP surveys are designed to quantify the gaps in AMR knowledge (e.g., can you explain AMR?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowing Is Not Enough: A Mixed-Methods Study of Antimicrobial Resistance Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practises Among Maasai Pastoralists

Mangesho

Caudell²,

Mwakapeje³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Global, national, and local efforts to limit antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often stress the importance of raising awareness among users, sellers, and prescribers of antimicrobial drugs. This emphasis is founded upon two assumptions. First, awareness is limited, particularly concerning the links between antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR. Second, “filling the awareness gaps” will motivate practises that will limit AMR. The first assumption is supported by knowledge, attitudes, and practises (KAP) surveys but these same studies provide mixed support for the second, with several studies finding that knowledge and attitudes are not correlated with related practises. This disconnect may arise as these surveys typically do not collect data on the cultural or historical contexts that pattern AMU. To explore how these contexts impact KAP related to AMU and AMR, we use a mixed-methods approach to examine veterinary practises among Maasai pastoralists in Tanzania. We combine a quantitative KAP survey (N = 195 households) with extensive qualitative data from focus group discussions (N = 55 participants). Results document limited awareness of AMR but also find that knowledge and attitudes are not correlated with practise. Thematic analysis of qualitative data pointed to three reasons behind this disconnect, including (1) Maasai self-perceptions as veterinary experts, (2) the central role of livestock in Maasai culture, and (3) the use of ethnoveterinary knowledge in animal health treatment. We argue that mixed-method approaches will be critical to developing the targeted awareness campaigns needed to limit the emergence and transmission of AMR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Knowing Is Not Enough: A Mixed-Methods Study of Antimicrobial Resistance Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practises Among Maasai Pastoralists

Mangesho

Caudell²,

Mwakapeje³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 17 , 29 , 40 , 41 , 59 Similarly, in Cameroon, Tennessee, Indonesia and Vietnam, additional training was supported by farmers. 21 , 39 , 57 , 58 , 60 In Peru, increased knowledge of antimicrobials was associated with using them in a preventative manner. 23 While, in the UK and Tennessee, affiliation with assurance schemes or herd health plans, capable of providing training opportunities, improved compliance with antimicrobial stewardship recommendations, in addition to increased market access.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial use in agriculture: critical review of the factors influencing behaviour

McKernan

Benson

Farrell

et al. 2021

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health emergency affecting humans and animals, diminishing the effectiveness of medication used to treat illness. The agri-food sector has attracted increased attention for imprudent antimicrobial use (AMU) and its contribution to AMR. Thus, ascertaining farmers’ and veterinarians’ behaviours surrounding AMU is essential to address imprudent AMU and generate behaviour change within the agri-food sector. Therefore, the aim of this critical review is to investigate, assess and collate the current body of evidence to identify psychosocial factors including knowledge, understanding, perceptions, attitudes and behaviours surrounding AMU. Database searches were limited to articles utilizing qualitative and quantitative methodologies, available in English with no restriction on publication year. Of the 1156 articles identified, 103 were retained for this review. Findings on the psychosocial aspects were thematically analysed. Five key themes emerged from the data: (i) knowledge and awareness of antimicrobials; (ii) attitudes towards antimicrobials; (iii) influential relationships; (iv) resources; and (v) factors influencing AMU. Results indicated that to overcome barriers experienced by key stakeholders, a carefully considered, evidence-based approach, incorporating behaviour change theory, is required when designing intricate interventions/strategies, in order to elicit successful and sustained AMU behaviour change.

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“…Respondents commonly discussed themes of infectious diseases, temperature fluctuations, seismic activity, and flooding negatively affecting broiler chicken farming. Other studies have documented that smallholder poultry farmers' perception of risk and management are not uniform at the community level and do not always align with national policies towards biosecurity [ 63 , 64 ]. Our findings collectively suggest smallholders' perceptions of risk related to intensive poultry farming are highly variable and not directly linked to productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Chicken dumping”: Motivations and perceptions in shifting poultry production practices

et al. 2021

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Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) often implement overseas development aid through intensive small-scale animal agriculture to alleviate food insecurity in low- and middle-income countries. Intensive animal farming can pose unclear outcomes to households engaged in the practice because of the reliance on industrial animal breeds that are reared with antibiotics and raised in higher densities compared to traditional scavenging husbandry systems. As a result, intensive small-scale farming operations that lack proper infrastructure, training, and financial resources could facilitate the spread of antimicrobial resistance and infectious diseases. We applied a mixed-methods framework towards analyzing the effectiveness of small-scale broiler chicken farming in northern Ecuador. First, from May 2016 – May 2017, our observational surveys indicated that intensive small-scale poultry farming follows a boom-and-bust cycle that is extremely vulnerable to environmental stressors. Second, in May 2016, we followed a cohort of households enrolled in a poultry development project led by an NGO. We observed a substantial decline in chicken survivorship from Survey period 1 to 2 (mean chicken count decrease from 50 to 35 corresponding to a 70% survivorship) and from Survey period 2 to 3 (mean chicken count decrease from 35 to 20.3 corresponding to a 58% survivorship). Heads of households were self-reporting broiler chicken survivorship substantially higher than our recorded observations during survey period two (46 compared to 35 respectively) and three (44.3 compared to 20.3 respectively). We speculate that if households continue to inaccurately report poultry demographics, then it could perpetuate a negative feedback loop where NGOs continue to conduct the same intervention practices without receiving accurate outcome metrics. Third, we used semi-structured questionnaires to determine that access to financial resources was the major motivation for determining when to farm broiler chickens. Intensive small-scale poultry farming can be unreliable and disease-enhancing, yet also associated with dubious self-reports of success.

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Knowledge, attitudes, practices and risk perception of rural poultry farmers in Cameroon to antimicrobial use and resistance

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Knowing Is Not Enough: A Mixed-Methods Study of Antimicrobial Resistance Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practises Among Maasai Pastoralists

Knowing Is Not Enough: A Mixed-Methods Study of Antimicrobial Resistance Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practises Among Maasai Pastoralists

Antimicrobial use in agriculture: critical review of the factors influencing behaviour

“Chicken dumping”: Motivations and perceptions in shifting poultry production practices

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