Knowledge gaps in soil carbon and nitrogen interactions – From molecular to global scale

Gärdenäs, Annemieke I.; Ågren, Göran I.; Bird, Jeffrey A.; Clarholm, Marianne; Hallin, Sara; Ineson, Phil; Kätterer, Thomas; Knicker, Heike; Nilsson, Staffan; Näsholm, Torgny; Ogle, Stephen M.; Paustian, Keith; Persson, Tryggve; Stendahl, Johan

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.04.006

Cited by 211 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 208 publications

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“…The interaction between methane and nitrogen has been identified as one of the major gaps in carbon-nitrogen cycle interactions (Gardenas et al, 2011;Stein et al, 2012). There are many possible feedbacks to climate change through effects on methane and N 2 O emissions and eutrophication of soils and sediments as a consequence of interactions between methane and ammonia oxidizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive interactions between methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria modulate carbon and nitrogen cycling in paddy soil

et al. 2014

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Abstract.Pure culture studies have demonstrated that methanotrophs and ammonia oxidizers can both carry out the oxidation of methane and ammonia. However, the expected interactions resulting from these similarities are poorly understood, especially in complex, natural environments. Using DNA-based stable isotope probing and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA and functional genes, we report on biogeochemical and molecular evidence for growth stimulation of methanotrophic communities by ammonium fertilization, and that methane modulates nitrogen cycling by competitive inhibition of nitrifying communities in a rice paddy soil. Pairwise comparison between microcosms amended with CH 4 , CH 4 +Urea, and Urea indicated that urea fertilization stimulated methane oxidation activity 6-fold during a 19-day incubation period, while ammonia oxidation activity was significantly suppressed in the presence of CH 4 . Pyrosequencing of the total 16S rRNA genes revealed that urea amendment resulted in rapid growth of Methylosarcina-like MOB, and nitrifying communities appeared to be partially inhibited by methane. High-throughput sequencing of the 13 Clabeled DNA further revealed that methane amendment resulted in clear growth of Methylosarcina-related MOB while methane plus urea led to an equal increase in Methylosarcina and Methylobacter-related type Ia MOB, indicating the differential growth requirements of representatives of these genera. An increase in 13 C assimilation by microorganisms related to methanol oxidizers clearly indicated carbon transfer from methane oxidation to other soil microbes, which was enhanced by urea addition. The active growth of type Ia methanotrops was significantly stimulated by urea amendment, and the pronounced growth of methanol-oxidizing bacteria occurred in CH 4 -treated microcosms only upon urea amendment. Methane addition partially inhibited the growth of Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas in urea-amended microcosms, as well as growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. These results suggest that type I methanotrophs can outcompete type II methane oxidizers in nitrogen-rich environments, rendering the interactions among methane and ammonia oxidizers more complicated than previously appreciated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive interactions between methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria modulate carbon and nitrogen cycling in paddy soil

et al. 2014

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“…A great percentage of the earth's active carbon is located in organic soil matter (Gärdenäs et al, 2011). It is considered as an indicator of soil resistance to negative anthropogenic and natural factors (Šlepetienė et al, 2010) and can be divided into labile and refractory carbon forms (Lützow et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of peat drainage on labile organic carbon and water repellency in NE Poland

Kalisz¹,

Łachacz²,

Głażewski³

2015

Turk J Agric For

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Hot and cold water-extractable organic carbon (HWC and CWC, respectively) fractions, as good indicators of organic matter quality, as well as water repellency (WDPT test) and state of secondary humification were analyzed in topsoil samples of peatland drained for agricultural purposes 160 years ago. The examined sites (drained and used as grassland) at the peatland had been affected by the moorsh-forming process. During this process, intense mineralization and secondary humification of organic matter took place. The state of transformation of organic soils varied from weak to complete degradation. The HWC contents ranged between 2.623 and 3.572 g kg -1 in field-moist samples and 3.999 and 6.074 g kg -1 in air-dried soil samples. The CWC contents were generally lower than HWC and ranged between 0.411 and 0.535 g kg -1 in field-moist samples and 0.696 and 0.939 g kg -1 in air-dried soil samples. The examined soils were extremely water repellent when dried. The measures of transformation of peat after drainage and WDPT were not significantly correlated, but a tendency for higher values of water repellency at the site regarded as degraded was noted. Deep drainage caused an increase of HWC fraction, which in light of the moorsh-forming process should be regarded as negative. The topsoil of the peatland became dry and resistant to rewetting. However, when the ground water level is maintained at not deeper than 0.50 m, the changes in peat matter do not lead to degradation. HWC is a good measure to show differences occurring within the ecosystem. Given its correlation with state of transformation (W1 index) and water repellency (WDPT test), HWC is a good measurement of peat quality. HWC and WDPT measurements may be helpful in determining degradation of peat soil after drainage.

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“…The relative importance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors for decomposition in tropical forests is unresolved (Zhang et al 2008), but urgently required to improve predictions of future global climate and C cycle interactions (Schimel et al 1994;Gardenas et al 2011). Most studies to date have considered site and species factors as determinants of litter decomposition in isolation, and the exceptions to this have either used a small number of species (Austin and Vitousek 2000;Couteaux et al 2002) or sites (Cusack et al 2009;Wieder et al 2009); thus the relative importance of these two pathways remains unresolved in tropical forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolating the effects of precipitation, soil conditions, and litter quality on leaf litter decomposition in lowland tropical forests

2015

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Background and aims Global change drivers such as climate change influence decomposition by altering extrinsic site conditions and intrinsic litter traits. This study aimed to quantify the relative importance of these two pathways for litter decomposition in tropical forests. Methods The effects of soil nutrient availability, mean annual precipitation (MAP), and leaf litter chemistry on decomposition were isolated by measuring mass loss of leaf litter from 10 tropical tree species transplanted to 19 sites along independent gradients of soil fertility and precipitation in Panama. Across species, litter nitrogen (N) content ranged from 7.1 to 13 mg N g −1 and phosphorus (P) from 0.077 to 0.56 mg P g −1. Across sites, soil N content ranged from 1.7 to 5.5 g N kg , and MAP from 1900 to 2700 mm. Results Variation in leaf litter mass loss was explained largely by litter species identity (55 %). Site only explained a small, but significant, amount of variance (6.5 %); soil C:N ratio explained this response. Notably, neither litter nutrient content nor MAP were significant predictors of litter decomposition. Conclusions Changes in tree species composition may influence decomposition rates more than changes to site conditions.

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Knowledge gaps in soil carbon and nitrogen interactions – From molecular to global scale

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Cited by 211 publications

References 208 publications

Competitive interactions between methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria modulate carbon and nitrogen cycling in paddy soil

Competitive interactions between methane- and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria modulate carbon and nitrogen cycling in paddy soil

Effects of peat drainage on labile organic carbon and water repellency in NE Poland

Isolating the effects of precipitation, soil conditions, and litter quality on leaf litter decomposition in lowland tropical forests

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