Knowledge Mobilization as Design: The Case of the Canadian Homelessness Research Network

Gaetz, Steve

doi:10.22230/src.2014v5n3a163

Cited by 89 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…To ensure our general population sample had a high likelihood of being housed, we deemed individuals eligible if they were not part of the HHiT study, resided in Toronto or Ottawa throughout the study period and did not reside in a postal code associated with shelter services. We randomly selected 200 individuals for each HHiT participant to approximate the nearest available Canadian homelessness prevalence estimate 33…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation study of health administrative data algorithms to identify individuals experiencing homelessness and estimate population prevalence of homelessness in Ontario, Canada

Richard¹,

Hwang

Forchuk

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo validate case ascertainment algorithms for identifying individuals experiencing homelessness in health administrative databases between 2007 and 2014; and to estimate homelessness prevalence trends in Ontario, Canada, between 2007 and 2016.DesignA population-based retrospective validation study.SettingOntario, Canada, from 2007 to 2014 (validation) and 2007 to 2016 (estimation).ParticipantsOur reference standard was the known housing status of a longitudinal cohort of housed (n=137 200) and homeless or vulnerably housed (n=686) individuals. Two reference standard definitions of homelessness were adopted: the housing episode and the annual housing experience (any homelessness within a calendar year).Main outcome measuresSensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and positive likelihood ratios of 30 case ascertainment algorithms for detecting homelessness using up to eight health service databases.ResultsSensitivity estimates ranged from 10.8% to 28.9% (housing episode definition) and 18.5% to 35.6% (annual housing experience definition). Specificities exceeded 99% and positive likelihood ratios were high using both definitions. The most optimal algorithm estimates that 59 974 (95% CI 55 231 to 65 208) Ontarians (0.53% of the adult population) experienced homelessness in 2016, a 67.3% increase from 2007.ConclusionsIn Ontario, case ascertainment algorithms for identifying homelessness had low sensitivity but very high specificity and positive likelihood ratio. The use of health administrative databases may offer opportunities to track individuals experiencing homelessness over time and inform efforts to improve housing and health status in this vulnerable population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation study of health administrative data algorithms to identify individuals experiencing homelessness and estimate population prevalence of homelessness in Ontario, Canada

Richard¹,

Hwang

Forchuk

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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“…1 The number of street-involved youth in Canada has increased dramatically since the 1980s. 1,2 Recent national estimates indicated that approximately 1 in 230 Canadians used an emergency shelter per year, and of these, youth aged 16–24 accounted for 20%. 2,3 In addition, the size of the “hidden homeless” population (i.e., non- shelter users) is likely much bigger, with a conservative estimate suggesting that it is three times that of shelter users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 In addition, the size of the “hidden homeless” population (i.e., non- shelter users) is likely much bigger, with a conservative estimate suggesting that it is three times that of shelter users. 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between violence and engagement in drug dealing and sex work among street-involved youth

Hayashi

Daly-Grafstein

Dong

et al. 2016

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES Street-involved youth are highly vulnerable to violence. While involvement in income-generating activities within illicit drug scenes are recognized as shaping youths’ vulnerability to violence, the relative contributions of different income-generating activities remain understudied. We sought to examine the independent effects of drug dealing and sex work on experiencing violence among street-involved youth. METHODS Data were derived from a prospective cohort of street-involved youth aged 14–26 who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, between September 2005 and May 2014. Multivariable generalized estimating equations were used to examine the impact of involvement in drug dealing and sex work on experiencing violence. RESULTS Among 1,152 participants, including 364 (31.6%) women, 740 (64.2%) reported having experienced violence at some point during the study period. In multivariable analysis, involvement in drug dealing but not sex work remained independently associated with experiencing violence among females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08 – 1.90) and males (AOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.25 – 1.80), while involvement in sex work only was not associated with violence among females (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.76 – 1.74) or males (AOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 0.81 – 2.48). CONCLUSION Findings indicate that involvement in drug dealing is a major factor associated with experiencing violence among our sample. In addition to conventional interventions, such as addiction treatment, novel approaches are needed to reduce the risk of violence for drug-using youth who are actively engaged in drug dealing. The potential for low-threshold employment and decriminalization of drug use to mitigate violence warrants further study.

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“…Homelessness is a growing problem in Canada, with approximately 200 000 individuals experiencing homelessness each year 1. In Toronto, Canada's largest city, the estimated homeless population has grown from 4969 in 2006 to 5219 in 2013 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The promise of recovery: narratives of hope among homeless individuals with mental illness participating in a Housing First randomised controlled trial in Toronto, Canada

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesHope is widely embraced as an important factor in the recovery process. The role of housing in inspiring hope and facilitating recovery has been explored with homeless populations but is not well understood. This study explores perspectives on hopes for recovery and the role of housing on these hopes from the perspective of homeless adults experiencing mental illness participating in a multisite Housing First randomised controlled trial in Canada. The study draws on data from in-depth qualitative interviews with participants from the Toronto, Ontario site of the ‘At Home/Chez Soi’ Project.DesignIn-depth interviews were conducted with a subsample of participants from a larger Housing First randomised controlled trial.SettingThe research took place in Toronto, Canada.Participants60 participants in the larger trial (36 from the Housing First group and 24 from the Treatment as Usual group) took part in in-depth interviews.MethodParticipants for the in-depth interviews were purposively selected from the larger trial sample in Toronto and participated in an interview at the beginning of the study (baseline). Data from the baseline interviews were analysed using the constant comparative method derived from grounded theory methods.ResultsParticipants’ narratives show clear visualisation of goals for recovery, and emphasise that housing is an integral factor that can facilitate hope and support dimensions of recovery. However, some participants had difficulty adjusting to housing, and were concerned about feeling socially isolated, which could have negative implications for hopefulness and recovery.ConclusionsHousing First interventions should explicitly incorporate hope-inspiring, recovery-oriented approaches and support participants while adjusting to housing in order to sustain hopefulness.

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Knowledge Mobilization as Design: The Case of the Canadian Homelessness Research Network

Cited by 89 publications

References 11 publications

Validation study of health administrative data algorithms to identify individuals experiencing homelessness and estimate population prevalence of homelessness in Ontario, Canada

Validation study of health administrative data algorithms to identify individuals experiencing homelessness and estimate population prevalence of homelessness in Ontario, Canada

The relationship between violence and engagement in drug dealing and sex work among street-involved youth

The promise of recovery: narratives of hope among homeless individuals with mental illness participating in a Housing First randomised controlled trial in Toronto, Canada

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