Knowledge, Perception, and Prevention Practices Related to Human Papillomavirus-based Cervical Cancer and Its Socioeconomic Correlates Among Women in Karachi, Pakistan

Riaz, Lubna; Manazir, Sana; Jawed, Fatima; Ali, Shajeea Arshad; Riaz, Ramsha

doi:10.7759/cureus.7183

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results regarding the awareness of the relation between the HPV infection and CC showed inadequate knowledge about CC epidemiology compared to other studies conducted on Arab and non-Arab communities 17 , 21 , 22 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Knowledge and awareness about human papillomavirus infection and its vaccination among women in Arab communities

Alsous

Ali

Al‐Azzam

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common types of cancer that affect females worldwide with hundreds of thousands of women dying annually due to this disease, mainly in developing countries. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main risk factor for this cancer. There are no public awareness and national immunization programs in most Arab countries. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and awareness about the HPV vaccine among females in four Arab countries and their acceptance to receive the vaccine. A cross-sectional study was conducted in several Arab countries: Jordan, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Iraq. Respondents that fulfilled the desired criteria and were willing to participate in the study were asked to fill out the survey. Knowledge and awareness were assessed using 13 questions. Ethical approvals were given from the four countries. A total of 3658 individuals participated in the study; however, 2804 responses were included in the analysis and more than one third of participants (n = 1007) were aged between 18 and 25 years old. This study revealed poor awareness and knowledge of the participants about HPV and its vaccine among all four countries’ participants with relatively better knowledge among participants from the UAE. Participants who are younger (18–25 years old), have a postgraduate education, have an education or career related to the medical field, or had a Pap smear in the last three years tend to have higher knowledge about the HPV vaccine compared to others. Poor knowledge and awareness findings in this study were expected, considering the lack of public education campaigns regarding the HPV virus coupled with the absence of the HPV vaccination from the national immunization schedule in three participating countries (Jordan, Qatar, and Iraq). It is recommended that there is a need to provide national educational campaigns about the HPV vaccine to the public in all Arab populations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Knowledge and awareness about human papillomavirus infection and its vaccination among women in Arab communities

Alsous

Ali

Al‐Azzam

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Our study findings showed that majority (90.1%) of the participants were knowledgeable of the term cervical cancer which is higher when compared with other similar studies in developing countries such as Pakistan, Ethiopia, and Zambia and where the percentage of participants knowledgeable of the term cervical cancer were 51.3, 76.8, and 36.8%, respectively (29,37,38). The variation may be attributable to the dissemination of information through various mass media and the availability of screening programs in Ghana.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…These three cities were chosen due to their population density and the availability of cervical cancer screening programs. The questionnaires were designed after a comprehensive review of literature from past studies and then approved by experts ( 27 – 29 ). The soundness and legitimacy of the questionnaire were further verified by a review panel of two experts each in oncology, gynecology and obstetrics, and research methodology prior to the pilot survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The knowledge on HPV vaccine was evaluated in the same manner. Some previous studies have reported these questions (29). Other relevant questions such as, "Is HPV infection a sexually transmitted infection?, " "Is a persistent infection of high-risk HPV the leading cause of cervical cancer and other HPV cancer types?, " "Can the HPV vaccine prevent cervical cancer and other HPV cancer types?, " and "Must the HPV vaccination be received before the first sexual intercourse?"…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Awareness of Cervical Cancer and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccine Among Ghanaians

Drokow

Han

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

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Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Ghana is a low-middle-income country with annual diagnosed cases of 3,151 and 2,119 deaths. The high prevalence rate of cervical cancer in Ghana is mainly due to ineffective preventive measures and insufficient knowledge about the disease. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer and attitude toward human papillomavirus and its vaccine among Ghanaians. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey on the awareness of cervical cancer and attitude toward human papillomavirus and its vaccine was carried out from March 2019 to February 2020. SPSS v. 23.0 was used in the data analysis. The participants' demographic characteristics, knowledge of cervical carcinoma, human papillomavirus vaccine and HPV, and the likelihood to be vaccinated were represented as percentages and frequencies. The difference between males and females was assessed using the chi-square test. The logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of possible related indicators with the willingness to receive the HPV vaccine. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 1,376 participants were involved in the final analysis. Among the 1,376 participants involved in this survey, 1,240 participants (90.1%) representing 456 males (33.1%) and 784 females (57.0%) were aware of the terminology "cervical cancer" with a significant p = 0.001. When stratified by gender, women had significantly greater knowledge, compared to men in terms of "cervical cancer being common in middle age (35-50) females" (75.5 vs. 67.5%, respectively, p ≤ 0.001). When stratified by gender, women had significantly greater knowledge of human papillomavirus (54.5 vs. 43.6%, respectively, p < 0.001) and the human papillomavirus vaccine (39.3 vs. 33.1%, respectively, p = 0.019) compared to men. Drokow et al. Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccine Conclusion: Majority of the respondents had poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer risk factors, symptoms, HPV, and its vaccine. Hence, this indicates a wakeup call for government to increase the awareness and knowledge level via the media and health professionals.

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“…This is higher than in the study in neighboring Romania among women in the general population, that showed that just under 65% of women know that HPV can be transmitted through sexual contact, with both studies having a similar mean age of the participants [6]. Besides, our participants knew that the HPV transmission can be prevented by a condom, that risk of infection increase with several sexual partners and that, besides cervical cancer, HPV can cause genital warts, which is comparable with results of other studies [20]. However, in our study, only one-quarter of the sample knew that HPV cannot be transmitted through towels, toilets, or swimming pools and almost only one in eight participants knew that HPV infections can be cured spontaneously.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Uptake of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and Intention to Vaccinate Among Healthy Pregnant Women in Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study on Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes

Marković-Denić

Milicević

Todorović

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We aimed to assess awareness, knowledge, and attitudes of healthy pregnant women towards human papillomavirus (HPV), to estimate factors associated with a positive attitude towards HPV immunization and to assess the uptake of the vaccine among their children. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia among pregnant women attending their regular gynecological check-ups at the 12th gestational week. Knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine was assessed using a specifically designed 12-item and 5-item questionnaires. Out of total 265 included women, 79.3% had heard of HPV, and 37.5% knew that HPV vaccine exists. HPV vaccine knowledge score was associated with higher odds for a positive attitude towards vaccination of both female (OR = 4.10, 95% CI 1.50-11.29) and male (OR = 3.71, 95% CI 1.52-9.01) child. The number of children (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.67) and high vaccine knowledge score (OR = 1.64 95% CI 1.13-2.39) were independent predictors associated with willingness to vaccinate child against HPV. The gynecologist was the preferable point of reference for information seeking about the HPV vaccine. Despite relatively high HPV awareness and knowledge among pregnant women in Serbia, about one-third of them are HPV vaccine aware, and are willing to vaccinate their children against HPV.

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Knowledge, Perception, and Prevention Practices Related to Human Papillomavirus-based Cervical Cancer and Its Socioeconomic Correlates Among Women in Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Knowledge and awareness about human papillomavirus infection and its vaccination among women in Arab communities

Knowledge and awareness about human papillomavirus infection and its vaccination among women in Arab communities

Awareness of Cervical Cancer and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccine Among Ghanaians

Uptake of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine and Intention to Vaccinate Among Healthy Pregnant Women in Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study on Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes

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