KOH-activated high surface area Douglas Fir biochar for adsorbing aqueous Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II)

Herath, Amali; Layne, Cody A.; Pérez, Felio; Hassan, Ei Barbary; Pittman, Charles U.; Mlsna, Todd

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128409

Cited by 179 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The main benefits of biochar-based materials lie in their highly porous, large surface area, better ion exchange capacity, and plentiful functional groups. Attempts have been made to remove pollutants from aqueous solutions using different types of biochar material, including wheat straw biochar (Cui et al 2021), raw jujube seed biochar (Gayathri et al 2021), Douglas fir biochar (Herath et al 2021), pulp mill sludge biochar (Islam et al 2021a), pinewood biochar (Zhao et al 2021a), poplar sawdust biochar (Cheng et al 2021c), coconut shell biochar (Wu et al 2021c), and softwood biochar (Peter et al 2021). Research has attempted to elevate the removal capacity of biocharbased materials to remove pollutants via surface modification and impregnation through the use of various media, such as iron-based materials (Liu et al 2021b;Xu et al 2021a;Yu et al 2021c), oxide materials (Chen et al 2021a;Rahman et al 2021), organic functional groups (Liu et al 2022;Wu et al 2021a), and inorganic compounds (Herath et al 2021;Zhong et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

Qiu

Liu

Ling

et al. 2022

Biochar

381

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Biochar shows significant potential to serve as a globally applicable material to remediate water and soil owing to the extensive availability of feedstocks and conducive physio-chemical surface characteristics. This review aims to highlight biochar production technologies, characteristics of biochar, and the latest advancements in immobilizing and eliminating heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in soil and water. Pyrolysis temperature, heat transfer rate, residence time, and type of feedstock are critical influential parameters. Biochar’s efficacy in managing contaminants relies on the pore size distribution, surface groups, and ion-exchange capacity. The molecular composition and physical architecture of biochar may be crucial when practically applied to water and soil. In general, biochar produced at relatively high pyrolysis temperatures can effectively manage organic pollutants via increasing surface area, hydrophobicity and microporosity. Biochar generated at lower temperatures is deemed to be more suitable for removing polar organic and inorganic pollutants through oxygen-containing functional groups, precipitation and electrostatic attraction. This review also presents the existing obstacles and future research direction related to biochar-based materials in immobilizing organic contaminants and heavy metal ions in effluents and soil. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

Qiu

Liu

Ling

et al. 2022

Biochar

381

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“…386 Oxidation of biochar through acid treatment can increase acidic functional groups on the surface of the biochar. 387 H 3 PO 4 (an acidic activating agent) has been used to improve the adsorption capacity of biochar for HMs. H 3 PO 4 treatment can increase the surface area and introduce P-containing (P�O and P�OOH) and oxygen-containing (carboxyl (−COOH) and hydroxyl (−OH)) functional groups to the biochar, resulting in the improved affinity of biochar to heavy metals (e.g., Cu(II) and Cd(II)).…”

Section: Adsorption Of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors found that KOH activation improved biochar surface area and increased the oxygenated functional groups on the surface of the biochar, resulting in high adsorption capacity for HMs. 387 Physical activation is considered an environmentally friendly method to enhance the adsorption capacity of biochar for HMs. In another work, sludge-based pyrolysis biochar was activated with CO 2 , and the study showed that CO 2 activation improved the adsorption capacity for HMs by modifying the physicochemical properties of the biochar.…”

Section: Adsorption Of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the effect of mild air oxidation of biochar on adsorption of lead from wastewater showed that the oxidation of biochar resulted in a significant increase of biochar lead adsorption from 2.5 to 44 mg/g . Oxidation of biochar through acid treatment can increase acidic functional groups on the surface of the biochar . H 3 PO 4 (an acidic activating agent) has been used to improve the adsorption capacity of biochar for HMs.…”

Section: Environmental Applications Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of Engineered Biochar for Environmental Applications: A Review

2022

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Research on using biochar for environmental applications has witnessed unprecedented advances in the past decade. Biochar is universally considered one of the best alternatives to store carbon to fight global warming. Thus, the sequential use of biochar in environmental remediation compatible with carbon sequestration is receiving growing attention. One of the reasons for such huge interest is the possibility to engineer biochar with targeted properties (e.g., surface area and chemistry) relevant to existing environmental issues. These properties can be achieved by selecting appropriate raw materials, processing conditions, carbonization technology, and the possibility of selecting postproduction modification approaches. The objective of this review is to summarize strategies to enhance biochar properties relevant to its use in environmental services (e.g., water purification, air/gas cleaning, construction materials, soil amendments) and the corresponding results on the use of this material for these applications. The main methods for enhancing biochar properties for environmental applications reviewed include activation (physical and chemical), oxidation, metal and metal oxide modification, metal-free heteroatom doping, and biological modification. Both modified and unmodified biochars have been used for soil amendments as adsorbents of pollutants in the aqueous phase (e.g., removal of P and N, heavy metals, and organic pollutants), adsorbents of pollutants in the gas phase (e.g., biogas cleaning), as a catalyst, as an additive for improving anaerobic digestion, and as an admixture to cementitious/construction materials, with promising results in all cases. New opportunities for using biochar are being reported as the science of biochar production, modification, and use advances.

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“…KOH modification method could increase the content of functional groups containing O and N on the surface of biochar, and promote ion exchange and surface complexation reaction [71]. For example, Herath et al found that modified biochar had a higher adsorption capacity than unmodified biochar, because the specific surface area of KOH-activated biochar was doubled compared with the raw biochar [72]. Compared with the pristine biochar, NaOH-modified biochar has a better mesoporous structure and higher adsorption capacity [73].…”

Section: Alkali Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Lead from Aqueous Solution by Biochar: A Review

Wang

et al. 2022

Clean Technol.

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Industrialization has resulted in the discharge of a certain amount of lead (Pb) from industrial sources causing damage risk to water quality and human health. Adsorption is an effective technique to remove Pb, and biochar has been widely studied owing to its advantages of low cost and high adsorption capacity. This review summarizes the influence of raw materials and modification methods on the adsorption capability of biochar. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of biochar were summarized, and the main Pb removal mechanisms were studied systematically. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives were discussed comprehensively. It is expected that the review could provide insightful fundamentals for the experimental research and practical applications of biochar.

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KOH-activated high surface area Douglas Fir biochar for adsorbing aqueous Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II)

Cited by 179 publications

References 92 publications

Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

Perspectives of Engineered Biochar for Environmental Applications: A Review

Adsorption of Lead from Aqueous Solution by Biochar: A Review

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