Kolaviron Biflavanoids of Garcinia Kola Seeds Protect Atrazine-Induced Cytotoxicity in Primary Cultures of Rat Leydig Cells

Abarikwu, Sunny O.; Farombi, Ebenezer O.; Pant, Aditya B.

doi:10.1177/1091581812445476

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It was found that kolaviron normalized the expression level of CYP11A1 that was previously increased 3-fold of control by a chemical toxicant atrazine in rat interstitial Leydig cells. 144 A similar effect was observed for quercetin. 146 …”

Section: Polyphenols-mediated Modulation Of Cyp Gene Expressionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…143 Biflavanone kolaviron was shown to suppress the expression of CYP11A1. 144 This isoform initiates steroidogenesis by converting cholesterol to pregnenolone on the inner mitochondrial membrane. 145 Kolaviron is contained in the seeds of Garcinia kola, a flowering plant traditionally used in Africa as a medicine against throat infections and chest cold.…”

Section: Polyphenols-mediated Modulation Of Cyp Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Natural Polyphenols on CYP Metabolism: Implications for Diseases

Korobkova

2015

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a large group of hemeproteins located on mitochondrial membranes or the endoplasmic reticulum. They play a crucial role in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous molecules. The activity of CYP is associated with a number of factors including redox potential, protein conformation, the accessibility of the active site by substrates, and others. This activity may be potentially modulated by a variety of small molecules. Extensive experimental data collected over the past decade point at the active role of natural polyphenols in modulating the catalytic activity of CYP. Polyphenols are widespread micronutrients present in human diets of plant origin and in medicinal herbs. These compounds may alter the activity of CYP either via direct interactions with the enzymes or by affecting CYP gene expression. The polyphenol-CYP interactions may significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs and thus influence the effectiveness of chemical therapies used in the treatment of different types of cancers, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CYPs are involved in the oxidation and activation of external carcinogenic agents, in which case the inhibition of the CYP activity is beneficial for health. CYPs also support detoxification processes. In this case, it is the upregulation of CYP genes that would be favorable for the organism. A CYP enzyme aromatase catalyzes the formation of estrone and estradiol from their precursors. CYPs also catalyze multiple reactions leading to the oxidation of estrogen. Estrogen signaling and oxidative metabolism of estrogen are associated with the development of cancer. Thus, polyphenol-mediated modulation of the CYP's activity also plays a vital role in estrogen carcinogenesis. The aim of the present review is to summarize the data collected over the last five to six years on the following topics: (1) the mechanisms of the interactions of CYP with food constituents that occur via the direct binding of polyphenols to the enzymes and (2) the mechanisms of the regulation of CYP gene expression mediated by polyphenols. The structure-activity relationship relevant to the ability of polyphenols to affect the activity of CYP is analyzed. The application of polyphenol-CYP interactions to diseases is discussed.

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Section: Polyphenols-mediated Modulation Of Cyp Gene Expressionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Polyphenols-mediated Modulation Of Cyp Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Natural Polyphenols on CYP Metabolism: Implications for Diseases

Korobkova

2015

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…The most likely explanation for an increase in DMC1 foci is inefficient DNA repair under toxic conditions. Specifically, previous studies have shown that exposure to ATZ induces oxidative stress in exposed cells, which is characterized by the increased activity of the cytochrome C system and detoxifying glutathione S-transferases 43, 44 . Oxidative stress increases the concentration of oxidizing molecules known as reactive oxygen species (ROS).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic exposure to the widely-used herbicide atrazine disrupts meiosis and normal follicle formation in female mice

Gély-Pernot

Saci

Kernanec

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The widely-used herbicide atrazine (ATZ) is detected in ground and surface water in many countries. Several studies in animals have demonstrated that ATZ has endocrine-disrupting effects on male and female reproduction in many vertebrate species. In this study, we investigated the effects of ATZ exposure on meiosis, a key step in gametogenesis in mammals. The treatment was initiated before oocyte entry into meiosis, which occurs during the embryonic period in females. We found that embryonic exposure to ATZ increases the level of 8-oxo-guanine in the nucleus of meiotic cells, reflecting oxidative stress and affecting meiotic double-strand break repair, chromosome synapsis and crossover numbers. Finally, embryonic exposure to ATZ reduces the number of primordial follicles and increases the incidence of multi-oocyte follicles in adult mice. Our data demonstrate that embryonic exposure to ATZ disrupts prophase I of meiosis and affects normal follicle formation in female mice.

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“…This supports our present findings and indicates that RUT could enhance the antioxidative capacity of GSH and GSH‐Px in our experimental model. Consequently, the increased GSH and GSH‐Px activities in these animals were considered adaptive and not adverse (Martin et al., ) and were associated with the ability of flavonoids to increase the mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (Abarikwu, Farombi, & Pant, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rutin, an antioxidant flavonoid, induces glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities to protect against ethanol effects in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the testis of adult rats

et al. 2016

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Exposure to cadmium (Cd) reduces sperm quality and induces oxidative stress in the testis. Rutin is an effective antioxidant flavonoid. We studied the effect of ethanol (EtOH, 5 g/kg b.wt.) intake on Cd (50 mg/kg b.wt.)-induced testicular toxicity with or without RUT pre-treatment (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) in rats. At the end of the 15-day oral treatment, co-treatment with EtOH decreased the activities of glutathione (GSH), GSH-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase resulting to slight increase in the testicular MDA level compared to Cd-treated rats. The Cd+EtOH animals had higher levels of abnormal spermatozoa, decreased epididymal sperm number and serum testosterone levels (p < .05) compared to the Cd-treated animals. Rutin co-administration protected against the EtOH effects in a dose-dependent manner, with the Cd+EtOH+50 mg/kg RUT- and Cd+EtOH+100 mg/kg RUT-treated animals having higher GSH and GSH-Px activities beyond the control values (p < .05). In a supplementary study, animals treated daily with RUT alone (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 15 days dose-dependently increased testicular GSH-peroxidase and GSH activities by 9.38%, 31.25%, 56.25% and 7.14%, 32.14%, 60.71%, respectively, compared to control values. Therefore, RUT induces GSH and GSH-Px activities to protect against Cd+EtOH-induced testis oxidative stress in rats.

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Kolaviron Biflavanoids of Garcinia Kola Seeds Protect Atrazine-Induced Cytotoxicity in Primary Cultures of Rat Leydig Cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Natural Polyphenols on CYP Metabolism: Implications for Diseases

Effect of Natural Polyphenols on CYP Metabolism: Implications for Diseases

Embryonic exposure to the widely-used herbicide atrazine disrupts meiosis and normal follicle formation in female mice

Rutin, an antioxidant flavonoid, induces glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities to protect against ethanol effects in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the testis of adult rats

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