Kolaviron suppresses dysfunctional reproductive axis associated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes exposure in male rats

Adedara, Isaac A.; Awogbindin, Ifeoluwa O.; Maduako, Ikenna C.; Ajeleti, Akinola O.; Owumi, Solomon E.; Owoeye, Olatunde; Patlolla, Anita K.; Farombi, Ebenezer O.

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-10324-y

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Subfractions F2–F5 of ethyl acetate also improved the animal condition, nervous system dysfunction signs, and performance on the HGT of diabetic animals. Subfraction F5, which had the strongest effects, improved all factors measured in diabetic animals and restored the body weight to values comparable to the nondiabetic vehicle group, as in studies performed with crude G. kola and extracts [ 24 , 25 ] and in models of neurodegenerative diseases and conditions [ 26 , 44 – 47 ], indicating that F5 contains at least some major neuroprotective constituents of G. kola . Furthermore, F5 effects were dose dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

An Eluate of the Medicinal Plant Garcinia kola Displays Strong Antidiabetic and Neuroprotective Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Etet

Hamza

Eltahir³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Scope. The neuroprotective properties of the antidiabetic plant Garcinia kola have been reported. Here, we performed a motor sign prevention-guided fractionation of G. kola extract in diabetic mice to unravel the components of the most active subfraction, given the potential for the development of drugs with antidiabetic and neuroprotective properties. Materials and Methods. G. kola methanolic extract was fractionated using increasingly polar solvents. Fractions were administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice until marked motor signs developed in diabetic controls. Fine motor skills indicators were measured in the horizontal grid test (HGT) to confirm the prevention of motor disorders in treated animals. Column chromatography was used to separate the most active fraction, and subfractions were tested in turn in the HGT. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique was used to assess the components of the most active subfraction. Results. Treatment with ethyl acetate fraction and its fifth eluate (F5) preserved fine motor skills and improved the body weight and blood glucose level. At dose 1.71 mg/kg, F5 kept most parameters comparable to the nondiabetic vehicle group values. GC-MS chromatographic analysis of F5 revealed 36 compounds, the most abundantly expressed (41.8%) being the β-lactam molecules N-ethyl-2-carbethoxyazetidine (17.8%), N,N-dimethylethanolamine (15%), and isoniacinamide (9%). Conclusions. Our results suggest that subfraction F5 of G. kola extract prevented the development of motor signs and improved disease profile in an STZ-induced mouse model of diabetic encephalopathy. Antidiabetic activity of β-lactam molecules accounted at least partly for these effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

An Eluate of the Medicinal Plant Garcinia kola Displays Strong Antidiabetic and Neuroprotective Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Etet

Hamza

Eltahir³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Although the toxicity of MWCNTs had been investigated by numerous studies, most of literatures explored the influence on the inner organs (such as lung, 28 , 29 liver, kidney, 30 brain 31 or reproductive systems). 32 The eye toxicity of MWCNTs was relatively ignored. 15 , 16 The current study was designed to further assess the toxicity of MWCNTs on retinal cell line ARPE-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Genes Associated with Pristine Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Induced Toxicity in Ocular Cells

Luo¹,

Xie²,

Su³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Background The wide application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in various fields has raised enormous concerns regarding their safety for humans. However, studies on the toxicity of MWCNTs to the eye are rare and potential molecular mechanisms are completely lacking. This study was to evaluate the adverse effects and toxic mechanisms of MWCNTs on human ocular cells. Methods Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were treated with pristine MWCNTs (7–11 nm) (0, 25, 50, 100 or 200 μg/mL) for 24 hours. MWCNTs uptake into ARPE-19 cells was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The death cells were detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. RNA profiles in MWCNT-exposed and non-exposed cells (n = 3) were analyzed using RNA-sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through the DESeq2 method and hub of which were filtered by weighted gene co-expression, protein–protein interaction (PPI) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network analyses. The mRNA and protein expression levels of crucial genes were verified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), colorimetric analysis, ELISA and Western blotting. The toxicity and mechanisms of MWCNTs were also validated in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T). Results TEM analysis indicated the internalization of MWCNTs into ARPE-19 cells to cause cell damage. Compared with untreated ARPE-19 cells, those exposed to MWCNTs exhibited significantly decreased cell viabilities in a dose-dependent manner. The percentages of apoptotic (early, Annexin V positive; late, Annexin V and PI positive) and necrotic (PI positive) cells were significantly increased after exposure to IC50 concentration (100 μg/mL). A total of 703 genes were identified as DEGs; 254 and 56 of them were, respectively, included in darkorange2 and brown1 modules that were significantly associated with MWCNT exposure. Inflammation-related genes (including CXCL8, MMP1, CASP3, FOS, CXCL2 and IL11 ) were screened as hub genes by calculating the topological characteristics of genes in the PPI network. Two dysregulated long non-coding RNAs ( LUCAT1 and SCAT8 ) were shown to regulate these inflammation-related genes in the co-expression network. The mRNA levels of all eight genes were confirmed to be upregulated, while caspase-3 activity and the release of CXCL8, MMP1, CXCL2, IL11 and FOS proteins were demonstrated to be increased in MWCNT-treated ARPE-19 cells. MWCNTs exposure also can induce cytotoxicity and increase the caspase-3 activity and the expression of LUCAT1, MMP1, CXCL2, and IL11 mRNA and protein in HCE-T cells. Conclusion Our study provides promising biomarkers for monitoring MWCNT-induced eye disorders and targets for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.

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Garcinia kola: a critical review on chemistry and pharmacology of an important West African medicinal plant

et al. 2023

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Garcinia kola Heckel (Clusiaceae) is a tree indigenous to West and Central Africa. All plant parts, but especially the seeds, are of value in local folklore medicine. Garcinia kola is used in treatment of numerous diseases, including gastric disorders, bronchial diseases, fever, malaria and is used to induce a stimulating and aphrodisiac effect. The plant is now attracting considerable interest as a possible source of pharmaceutically important drugs. Several different classes of compounds such as biflavonoids, benzophenones, benzofurans, benzopyran, vitamin E derivatives, xanthones, and phytosterols, have been isolated from G. kola, of which many appears to be found only in this species, such as garcinianin (found in seeds and roots), kolanone (fruit pulp, seeds, roots), gakolanone (stem bark), garcinoic acid, garcinal (both in seeds), garcifuran A and B, and garcipyran (all in roots). They showed a wide range of pharmacological activities (e.g. analgesic, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects), though this has only been confirmed in animal models. Kolaviron is the most studied compound and is perceived by many studies as the active principle of G. kola. However, its research is associated with significant flaws (e.g. too high doses tested, inappropriate positive control). Garcinol has been tested under better conditions and is perhaps showing more promising results and should attract deeper research interest (especially in the area of anticancer, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective activity). Human clinical trials and mechanism-of-action studies must be carried out to verify whether any of the compounds present in G. kola may be used as a lead in the drug development.

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Kolaviron suppresses dysfunctional reproductive axis associated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes exposure in male rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

An Eluate of the Medicinal Plant Garcinia kola Displays Strong Antidiabetic and Neuroprotective Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

An Eluate of the Medicinal Plant Garcinia kola Displays Strong Antidiabetic and Neuroprotective Properties in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Inflammatory Genes Associated with Pristine Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Induced Toxicity in Ocular Cells

Garcinia kola: a critical review on chemistry and pharmacology of an important West African medicinal plant

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