Phase separation is a crucial ingredient of the physics of manganites; however, the role of mixed phases in the development of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) phenomenon still needs to be clarified. We report the realization of CMR in a single-valent LaMnO 3 manganite. We found that the insulator-to-metal transition at 32 GPa is well described using the percolation theory. Pressure induces phase separation, and the CMR takes place at the percolation threshold. A large memory effect is observed together with the CMR, suggesting the presence of magnetic clusters. The phase separation scenario is well reproduced, solving a model Hamiltonian. Our results demonstrate in a clean way that phase separation is at the origin of CMR in LaMnO 3 .colossal magnetoresistance | strongly correlated materials | phase separation | high pressure | transport measurements I n hole-doped rare earth manganite compounds, the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) peaks at a transition from a hightemperature (T) insulating paramagnetic phase to a low-T conducting ferromagnetic phase. The presence of Mn 3+ and Mn 4+ ions together with the site-site double-exchange (DE) mechanism (1) appear to capture the essence of this phenomenon. A plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations have recently suggested that the ground states of manganites are intrinsically inhomogeneous and characterized by the presence of competing phases (2-8) extending over domains at nanoscale/mesoscale. High pressure (P) has a triggering effect for phase separation because either magnetic or structural domains have been observed in compressed manganites (9-12). The role of the nanostructuring and of the interdomain interactions in the CMR phenomenon is still far from being completely understood, and to design materials that incorporate CMR at room temperature (RT) remains a challenge because of the strong interplay among electronic, structural, and magnetic interactions at both atomic and interdomain scales.As an archetypal cooperative Jahn-Teller (JT) system (13) and the parent compound of several important mixed-valence CMR manganite families, LaMnO 3 (LMO) is at the focus of intense investigations. Up to now, the CMR effect has been observed in hole-doped LMO, but not in single-valent LMO. At RT, LMO enters a high conductive phase above 32 GPa showing a "badmetal" behavior (14). Previous Raman spectroscopy study (9) shows the emergence, in compressed LMO, of a phase-separated (PS) state consisting of domains of JT-distorted and undistorted MnO 6 octahedra. The simultaneous presence of an inherent phase separation as well as of a metallization process resembles the conditions under which CMR is observed in doped compounds, and suggests the onset of CMR in compressed LMO. To verify this hypothesis, we have carried out an extensive study of the transport properties of LMO over a wide P-T region (12 < P < 54 GPa and 10 < T < 300 K) and applied magnetic field H, varying from 0 to 8 T. Here, we report the realization of CMR in a narrow pressure range between 3...