Koordinatiivsed Partiklid Lause Perifeerias

Metslang, Helle; Pajusalu, Karl; Habicht, Külli

doi:10.3176/esa59.07

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Coordinating conjunctions may become fixed in sentence-initial or sentence-final position (left or right periphery), where they function as particles expressing contextual relations, subjective and inter subjective functions, including interrogation -the latter gives rise to their development into question particles (see Metslang, Pajusalu & Habicht 2014, Metslang, Habicht & Pajusalu 2017. In addition to conjunctions, particles also may express connective relations, e.g., Estonian ka 'also' has developed into a question particle kas.…”

Section: Development Into Question Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livonian polar questions in their areal context

Norvik

Metslang²,

Pajusalu³

et al. 2022

ESUKA-JEFUL

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This paper analyses strategies for forming polar questions and their historical sources in the two main varieties of Livonian – Courland Livonian and Salaca Livonian. The results reveal that the main means for marking polar questions in both varieties are sentence-initial particles. Their usage is compared to the means found in other varieties spoken in the Central Baltic area. This micro-areal comparison offers an in-depth analysis of the main patterns in the area, including their developmental paths. It appears that on several occasions, Livonian, Latvian, Latgalian, and Leivu South Estonian (spoken in Latvia) pattern together as opposed to the Estonian and South Estonian varieties (spoken in Estonia) and Lutsi and Kraasna South Estonian (spoken, respectively, in southeastern Latvia and the southern Pskov region in Russia). The data originate from various sources and different times, and were obtained by using both manual and automated methods; the analyses are qualitative. Kokkuvõte. Miina Norvik, Helle Metslang, Karl Pajusalu, Eva Saar: Liivi keele üldküsimused areaalsel taustal. Artiklis analüüsitakse üldküsimuse vormistamise strateegiaid ning nende kujunemise allikaid kahes liivi keele põhikujus – Kuramaa liivi keeles ja Salatsi liivi keeles. Tulemused näitavad, et mõlemas on üldküsimusi moodustatud peamiselt lausealguliste partiklitega. Liivi keele üldküsimuste struktuuri võrreldakse areaalselt lähedaste keelte ja murrete moodustusviisidega. Selline mikroareaalne võrdlus võimaldab sügavuti analüüsida Balti areaalis leiduvaid põhilisi üldküsimuste vormimalle ning nende arenguteid. Artiklist ilmneb, et mitmel juhul osutuvad sarnaseks liivi, läti, latgali ja lõunaeesti leivu keelesaare üldküsimuste moodustusviisid, erinedes eesti keele, lõunaeesti murdekujude ning lõunaeesti lutsi ja kraasna keelesaare üldküsimuse moodustusest. Andmestik on kogutud mitmesugustest eri aegade allikatest ning seda on analüüsitud kvalitatiivselt. Kubbõvõttõks. Miina Norvik, Helle Metslang, Karl Pajusalu, Eva Saar. Līvõ kīel iļammizt kizzimizt areāl kontekstõs. Kēras sōbõd vaņtõltõd amnämniz kizzimiz lūomiz stratēgijd ja nänt ovātõd kōds līvõ kīel vīțs – Kurmō līvõ kīels ja Salāts līvõ kīels. Tuņšlimi nägțõb, ku mȯlmis sōbõd kȭlbatõd partikõld, mis irdistiz ātõ lieudtõb kītõm īrgandõksõs. Kēra ītlõb līvõ kīel amnämnizt kizzimizt struktūrõ seļļizt īž struktūrõdõks munt ležgõlizt kēļši ja kīelmūrdis. Seļļi ītlimi äbțõb tuņšlõ amā sagdidi amnämnizt kizzimizt formõd modelidi ja nänt suggimizt Vāldamier areāls. Nei īž tuņšlimi nägțõb, ku amnämnizt kizzimizt struktūr pierrõ līvõ kēļ, lețkēļ, ladgal kēļ ja jedālēsti leivu kīelkōla ātõ jõvāgid ītizt – nēši kēļši struktūrõd ātõ mõitizt äbku ēsti kīels, jedālēsti kīelmūrdis, jedālēsti Lutsi ja kraasna kīelkōlis lieudtõb. Tieutõd tuņšlimiz pierāst ātõ kubbõ pandõd īžkižist ovātist ja tuņšlimiz pierāst sōbõd kȭlbatõd kvantitatīvizt metōdõd.

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Section: Development Into Question Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livonian polar questions in their areal context

Norvik

Metslang²,

Pajusalu³

et al. 2022

ESUKA-JEFUL

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Where do polar question markers come from?

Metslang

Habicht

Pajusalu

2017

STUF - Language Typology and Universals

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On the basis of present and past developments concerning polar question markers in Estonian and other languages in the Circum-Baltic area, the main sources of interrogative markers are presented: (1) coordination markers: disjunctive, conjunctive and adversative coordination; (2) subordination markers, the source of which is the subordinating conjunction in the case of insubordination of the subordinate clause; (3) epistemic markers, which arise from particles expressing epistemic modality; (4) pronominal markers, which arise from interrogative pronouns and proadverbs in tag questions. Question particles have developed from these same sources in many other languages as well. Typical of the Circum-Baltic languages are disjunctive and conjunctive particles located on the sentence periphery.

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Koordinatiivsed Partiklid Lause Perifeerias

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Livonian polar questions in their areal context

Livonian polar questions in their areal context

Where do polar question markers come from?

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