Korrelation des Cotininspiegels in Fruchtwasser, Nabelarterienblut und mütterlichem Blut

Rühle, W.; Ballestrem, C. L. Graf Von; Pult, H. M.; Gnirs, J.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1022795

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our findings described here extend from prior reports that concentrations of nicotine metabolites in amniotic fluid exceed those found in the corresponding maternal serum (Ruhle, Graf von Ballestrem, Pult, & Gnirs, 1995). Specifically, we demonstrate that the metabolic consequences of exposure are also compounded in the fetal compartment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Low-level maternal exposure to nicotine associates with significant metabolic perturbations in second-trimester amniotic fluid

Fischer

Lili

et al. 2017

Environment International

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Decades of public health research have documented that smoking in pregnancy poses significant health risks to both mother and child. More recent studies have shown that even passive maternal exposure to secondhand smoke associates with negative birth outcomes. However, the mechanisms linking exposure to outcomes have remained obscure. As a first step toward defining the metabolic consequence of low-level nicotine exposure on fetal development, we conducted an untargeted metabolomic analysis of 81 paired samples of maternal serum and amniotic fluid collected from karyotypically normal pregnancies in the second trimester. By comparing the m/z and retention times of our mass spectral features with confirmed standards, we identified cotinine, a nicotine derivative, and used the calculated cotinine concentrations to classify our maternal serum samples into exposure groups using previously defined cut-offs. We found that cotinine levels consistent with low-level maternal exposure to nicotine associated with distinct metabolic perturbations, particularly in amniotic fluid. In fact, the metabolic effects in amniotic fluid of ostensibly low-level exposed mothers showed greater overlap with perturbations previously observed in the sera of adult smokers than did the perturbations observed in the corresponding maternal sera. Dysregulated fetal pathways included aspartate and asparagine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and metabolism of other amino acids. We also observed a strong negative association between level of maternal serum cotinine and acetylated polyamines in the amniotic fluid. Combined, these results confirm that low-level maternal nicotine exposure, indicated by a maternal serum cotinine level of 2–10 ng/mL, is associated with striking metabolic consequences in the fetal compartment, and that the affected pathways overlap those perturbed in the sera of adult smokers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Low-level maternal exposure to nicotine associates with significant metabolic perturbations in second-trimester amniotic fluid

Fischer

Lili

et al. 2017

Environment International

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“…In other studies too, even though carried out during the second trimester, concentrations of cotinine in amniotic fluid were observed to be significantly lower than in maternal urine 20 and of a magnitude comparable to that seen in maternal serum. 8,20,21 Hence, we could not confirm the results of Jordanov et al 19 who found cotinine concentrations in amniotic fluid at birth that were twice as high as in maternal urine. The analyzes, however, were carried out by means of a non-specific colorimetric method, without separation between nicotine, cotinine and further metabolites.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…Cotinine concentrations measured in amniotic fluid in the second trimester, however, were much lower than those in maternal urine 20 and only slightly higher than in maternal serum. 8,20,21 It was the aim of the present study to investigate if amniotic fluid at birth is suitable for discriminating between smoking, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and non-exposure during pregnancy when a simultaneous determination of nicotine, cotinine and trans-3 0 -hydroxycotinine (OH-cotinine) is performed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 9 Furthermore, it was of great interest to compare concentrations of nicotine and its metabolites in amniotic fluid with those in maternal urine, in neonatal urine and in meconium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine and its metabolites in amniotic fluid at birth - Assessment of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure

et al. 2010

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Amniotic fluid was collected from 78 pregnant women at birth additionally with their urine prior to delivery as well as neonatal urine and meconium. The smoking markers, nicotine and its metabolites cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (OH-cotinine), were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The self-reported smoking status during pregnancy determined by means of a questionnaire was verified by measurement of maternal urine. In all smokers, nicotine metabolites were detected in amniotic fluid and in 80% of them nicotine as well. However, the sum of the nicotine metabolites (Summet) was significantly lower (p < .001) in amniotic fluid (704 ± 464 nmol/L) than in meconium (921 ± 588 nmol/L), neonatal urine (1139 ± 813 nmol/L) and maternal urine (4496 ± 3535 nmol/L). Concentrations of nicotine metabolites in amniotic fluid correlated well (p < .001) with that in the other specimen types. After environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, no nicotine or nicotine metabolites were detectable in amniotic fluid but only in maternal and neonatal urine. Analysis of amniotic fluid at birth lends itself to verifying smoking habits during pregnancy and clearly discriminating from ETS exposure, but it is not a suitable approach to differentiating between ETS exposure and non-exposure.

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“…Other workers too found a strong linear association between cotinine concentration in different body fluids of smoking mothers and their foetuses or neonates. [20][21][22] By contrast, in case of ETS exposure -as distinct from active smoking -a log-normal distribution is seen as the best model 23 and this has also been confirmed by own studies conducted in ETS-exposed children (unpublished observation). 17 When considering the samples of meconium passed by a newborn in succession, the total sum of nicotine and its metabolites (Sum tot ) in meconium remained constant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Assessment of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure by determining nicotine and its metabolites in meconium

et al. 2007

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Meconium samples collected from 115 neonates were analysed for nicotine, cotinine and trans -3-hydroxycotinine (OH-cotinine) by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify prenatal smoke exposure. The self-reported maternal smoking status during pregnancy was determined by means of a questionnaire and verified by measurements in urine prior to childbirth. The total sum of nicotine and its metabolites (Sumtot) of the first passed meconium samples was 1560 ± 1024 pmol/g in newborns of smoking mothers. Smoking of less than five cigarettes was clearly detected. Sumtot remained constant in all meconium samples passed by a neonate in succession. However, the proportion of nicotine decreased with the time of passage after birth and the OH-cotinine proportion increased, whereas cotinine hardly changed. Nicotine or its metabolites were not detectable in meconium (detection limit < 20 pmol/g), when the mothers were only exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) using the HPLC method. The hypothesis that the content of nicotine metabolites in meconium reflects long-term smoke exposure could not be confirmed in newborns whose mothers had quit smoking during the latter half of pregnancy. Determining Sumtot enables the intensity of continuous smoking during pregnancy to be estimated in all meconium samples passed by a newborn. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26: 535—544

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Korrelation des Cotininspiegels in Fruchtwasser, Nabelarterienblut und mütterlichem Blut

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Low-level maternal exposure to nicotine associates with significant metabolic perturbations in second-trimester amniotic fluid

Low-level maternal exposure to nicotine associates with significant metabolic perturbations in second-trimester amniotic fluid

Nicotine and its metabolites in amniotic fluid at birth - Assessment of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure

Assessment of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure by determining nicotine and its metabolites in meconium

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